5,5-bis(difluoramino)hexahydro-1,3-dinitropyrimidine (RNFX) and certain electronegatively substituted pyrimidines
申请人:The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy
公开号:US06310204B1
公开(公告)日:2001-10-30
Calculated performance improvements are expected from a particularly new class of compounds, geminal-bis(difluoramino)-substituted heterocyclic nitramines, when formulated into explosives and propellants. This invention involves novel and nonintuitive methods for the preparation of certain derivatives of 2,2-bis(difluoramino)-N-nitro-1,3-propanediamine which are suitable precursors leading to 5,5-bis(difluoramino)hexahydro-1,3-dinitropyrimidine (RNFX). The invention also involves novel and nonintuitive methods for the preparation of RNFX, a specific member of a general class of compounds with the substructure 2,2-bis(difluoramino)-N-nitro-1,3-propanediamine. RNFX is produced by the use of key intermediates, including tetrahydropyrimidin-5(4H)-ones, which allow formation of the target structural subcomponent, 2,2-bis(difluoramino)-N-nitro-1,3-propanediamine, and a more specific substructure of 2,2-bis(difluoramino)-N,N′-dinitro-1,3-propanediamine. The method of making RNFX, generally, comprises reacting with a difluoramine source, a tetrahydro-1,3-disulfonylpyrimidin-5(4H)-one; reacting with a nitronium source, the resultant 5,5-bis(difluoramino)hexahydro-1,3-disulfonylpyrimidine; N-desulfonation with a nucleophile; cyclization with a formaldehyde equivalent; and recovering said 5,5-bis(difluoramino)hexahydro-1,3-dinitropyrimidine—after “2,2-bis(difluoramino)-N,N′-dinitro-1,3-propanediamine.”In addition, this invention involves 5,5-bis(difluoramino)hexahydropyrimidine derivatives, related geminal-bis(difluoramino)alkylene derivatives, and novel precursors to these new derivatives, by the use of certain novel key intermediates.
预计从一种新的化合物类别——geminal-bis(difluoramino)-取代的杂环硝胺中,制成炸药和推进剂,可以获得计算性能改进。本发明涉及用于制备2,2-bis(difluoramino)-N-硝基-1,3-丙二胺的某些衍生物的新颖且非直观的方法,这些衍生物是导致5,5-bis(difluoramino)六氢-1,3-二硝基嘧啶(RNFX)的合适前体。本发明还涉及制备RNFX的新颖且非直观的方法,它是具有亚结构2,2-bis(difluoramino)-N-硝基-1,3-丙二胺的一般化合物类别的特定成员。RNFX是通过使用关键中间体(包括四氢嘧啶-5(4H)-酮)来制备的,这些中间体允许形成目标结构亚组分2,2-bis(difluoramino)-N-硝基-1,3-丙二胺,以及更具体的亚结构2,2-bis(difluoramino)-N,N′-二硝基-1,3-丙二胺。制备RNFX的方法通常包括与二氟胺源反应,与硝酸源反应,所得的5,5-bis(difluoramino)六氢-1,3-二磺酰嘧啶,N-去磺酸化,与甲醛等效物环化,并在“2,2-bis(difluoramino)-N,N′-二硝基-1,3-丙二胺”之后回收所述的5,5-bis(difluoramino)六氢-1,3-二硝基嘧啶。此外,本发明涉及5,5-bis(difluoramino)六氢嘧啶衍生物,相关的geminal-bis(difluoramino)烷基衍生物和这些新衍生物的新颖前体,通过使用某些新颖的关键中间体。