Diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolated and nitrooxyethyl nitric oxide donor ester prodrugs of anti-inflammatory (E)-2-(aryl)-3-(4-methanesulfonylphenyl)acrylic acids: Synthesis, cyclooxygenase inhibition, and nitric oxide release studies
作者:Khaled R.A. Abdellatif、Morshed Alam Chowdhury、Ying Dong、Qiao-Hong Chen、Edward E. Knaus
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2007.12.006
日期:2008.3.15
A new group of hybrid nitric oxide-releasing anti-inflammatory drugs wherein an O-2-acetoxyrnethyl-1-(N-ethyl-N-methylamino)diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (11a-d), or 2-nitrooxyethyl (12a-d), (NO)-N-center dot-donor moiety is attached directly to the carboxylic acid group of (E)-3-(4-methanesulfonylphenyl)-2-(phenyl)acrylic acids were synthesized. The 2-nitrooxyethyl ester prodrugs (12a-d) all exhibited in vitro inhibitory activity against the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) isozyme (IC50 = 0.07-2.8 mu M range). All compounds released a low amount of (NO)-N-center dot upon incubation with phosphate buffer (PBS) at pH 7.4 (1.0-4.8% range). In comparison, the percentage (NO)-N-center dot released was significantly higher (76.2-83.0% range) when the diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate ester prodrugs were incubated in the presence of rat serum, or moderately higher (7.6-10.1% range) when the nitrooxyethyl ester prodrugs were incubated in the presence Of L-cysteine. These incubation studies suggest that both WO and the parent anti-inflammatory (E)-3-(4-methanesulfonylphenyl)-2-(phenyl)acrylic acid would be released upon in vivo cleavage by non-specific serum esterases in the case of the diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate esters (11a-d), or interaction with systemic thiols in the case of the nitrate esters (12a-d). O-2-Acetoxymethyl-1-(N-ethyl-N-methylamino)diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (E)-3-(4-methanesulfonylphenyl)-2-phenylacrylate (11a) released 83% of the theoretical maximal release of 2 molecules of (NO)-N-center dot/molecule of the parent hybrid ester prodrug upon incubation with rat serum. Hybrid ester anti-inflammatory/(NO)-N-center dot donor prodrugs offer a potential drug design concept targeted toward the development of anti-inflammatory drugs that are devoid of adverse ulcerogenic and/or cardiovascular effects. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.