作者:C. Zúñiga、M. S. Larrechi、G. Lligadas、J. C. Ronda、M. Galià、V. Cádiz
DOI:10.1002/pola.24541
日期:2011.3
benzoxazine monomers, DPA‐Bz and MDP‐Bz fromrenewablediphenolicacid (DPA), which mimics the structure of bisphenol A (BPA), were synthesized by traditional approaches. The structure and purity of the monomers was confirmed by FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectra. The thermally activated polymerization of the MDP‐Bz and DPA‐Bz afforded thermosetting polybenzoxazines with higher Tg's, 270 °C and 208 °C respectively
Synthesis of an intrinsically flame retardant bio-based benzoxazine resin
作者:Hongqiang Yan、Chuang Sun、Zhengping Fang、Xiaoqing Liu、Jin Zhu、Hao Wang
DOI:10.1016/j.polymer.2016.05.053
日期:2016.8
An intrinsically flame retardant bio-based benzoxazine (diphenolic acid pentaerythritol caged phosphate benzoxazine, DPA-PEPA-Boz) monomer was synthesized from bio-based diphenolic acid (DPA) using a four-step process. The monomer of DPA-PEPA-Boz was characterized by FT-IR, H-1 NMR and C-13 NMR. The curing behavior of DPA-PEPA-boz was studied and compared with those of DPA based benzoxazine (DPA-Boz) and DPA ester derivative (MDP) based benzoxazine (MDP-Boz) without PEPA by means of non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry. The results indicated that DPA-PEPA-Boz system showed a two-stage curing, assigned to the exothermic opening reactions of oxazine rings and P-O-C ring in PEPA respectively, while the DPA-Boz and MDP-Boz showed a one-stage curing. In addition, the effect of the introduction of PEPA on thermal and inflammable properties of the resin was evaluated. The residual char of the cured DPA-PEPA-Boz (P-DPA-PEPA-Boz) after 400 degrees C was much higher than those of cured DPA-Boz (P-DPA-Boz) and cured MDP-Boz (P-MDP-Boz) under nitrogen and air atmospheres. Meanwhile, total heat release (THR), peak heat release rate (PHRR) and heat release capacity (HRC) of P-DPA-PEPA-Boz were about half of those of P-DPA-Boz and P-MDP-Boz. P-DPA-PEPA-Boz had a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 33.5% and achieved V0 rating in UL94 test. P-DPA-PEPA-Boz behaved as a very good intrinsic thermal and flame retardant bio-based benoxazine resin. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.