Ultrasound and microwave assisted synthesis of isoindolo-1,2-diazine: A comparative study
摘要:
A comparative study, ultrasound (US) versus microwave (MW) versus conventional thermal heating (TH), for synthesis of isoindolo-1,2-diazine is described. The reaction pathway is fast, efficient and straight applicable, involving a Huisgen [3 + 2] dipolar cycloaddition of cycloimmonium ylides to 1,4-naphthoquinone. A feasible reaction mechanism for the obtaining of the fully aromatized tetra- and penta- cyclic isoindolo-1,2-diazine is presented. Under US irradiation the yields are much higher (sometimes substantially, by almost double), the reaction time decreases substantially, the reaction conditions are milder. The use of a generator with a higher nominal power induces higher yields and short reaction times. Overall the use of US it proved to be more efficient than MW or TH. A feasible explication for US efficiency is presented. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
AbstractThe synthesis, structure, and in vitro anticancer activity of a new class of anticancer derivatives with dihydrobenzo[5,6]isoindolo[1,2-a]phthalazine and dihydrobenzo[f]pyridazino[6,1-a]isoindole skeletons are presented. The preparation is straight and efficient, involving two steps only: a N-alkylation of the pyridazine or phthalazine heterocycle, followed by a [3 + 2] dipolar cycloaddition
摘要提出了具有二氢苯并[5,6]异吲哚并[1,2- a ]酞嗪和二氢苯并[ f ]哒嗪并[6,1- a ]异吲哚骨架的新型抗癌衍生物的合成,结构和体外抗癌活性。。准备工作是直接而有效的,仅涉及两个步骤:N-哒嗪或酞嗪杂环的-烷基化,然后将1,2-二叠氮基的[3 + 2]偶极环加成成相应的偶极亲和剂。合成是在微波和超声(US)辐射以及常规热加热下进行的。发现在产率和时间方面最有效的条件是US辐照。评价五环和四环1,2-二嗪的体外抗癌活性。五环1,2-二嗪衍生物对非小细胞肺癌NCI-H460,白血病MOLT-4,白血病CCRF-CEM和乳腺癌MCF7具有显着的抗癌活性。已经提供了五环1,2-二嗪类抗癌功效的可行解释,并与作用机理相关。 图形概要提出了新型的具有多环1,2-二嗪骨架的新型抗癌分子的合成(常规热加热,微波和超声辐射),结构和体外抗癌活性。