作者:Heather M. Lima、Rasapalli Sivappa、Muhammed Yousufuddin、Carl J. Lovely
DOI:10.1021/ol300704w
日期:2012.5.4
The total synthesis of an analogue of the marine alkaloid kealiiquinone has been completed through application of an intramolecularDiels–Alderreaction of an imidazole-containing enyne. Oxidative aromatization of the lactone adduct and N-methylation facilitates C2-oxidation via the imidazolium salt. Conversion of the lactone to the phthalaldehyde derivative and then to the dihydroxybenzoquinone was
Total syntheses and cytotoxicity of kealiiquinone, 2-deoxy-2-aminokealiiquinone and analogs
作者:Jayanta Das、Arunoday Bhan、Subhrangsu S. Mandal、Carl J. Lovely
DOI:10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.08.093
日期:2013.11
Concise syntheses of two Leucetta-derived naphthimidazole alkaloids, kealiiquinone and 2-deoxy-2-aminokealiiquinone, are described based on a biosynthetic-guided hypothesis. Advanced intermediates containing the full naphthimidazole framework are constructed through Friedel-Crafts chemistry followed by oxidation of the electron rich C-ring with hydrogen peroxide. The cytotoxicity of these alkaloids in a breast cancer cell line along with several closely related marine-derived natural products kealiinines A-C and analogs are reported. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Total Synthesis of 7′-Desmethylkealiiquinone, 4′-Desmethoxykealiiquinone, and 2-Deoxykealiiquinone
作者:Heather M. Lima、Rasapalli Sivappa、Muhammed Yousufuddin、Carl J. Lovely
DOI:10.1021/jo4027337
日期:2014.3.21
Synthetic approaches to the imidazonaphthoquinone core of kealiiquinone and related Leucetta-derived alkaloids are described. The polysubstituted benzimidazole framework can be constructed through intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions of propiolate-derived enynes followed by oxidation. Adjustment of the oxidation state of the thus formed lactone allows introduction of the 2,3-dihydroxybenzoquinone moiety through a presumed benzoin-like condensation between a phthaldehyde derivative and a masked glyoxal equivalent catalyzed by a cyanide ion. Oxidation of the C2-position can be accomplished through application of an operationally simple treatment of an imidazolium salt with bleach, thus producing the corresponding 2-imidazolone. Debenzylation of a late stage intermediate en route to kealiiquinone was compromised by concomitant O-demethylation upon treatment with triflic acid resulting in the formation of non-natural 7'-desmethylkealiiquinone. Other endgame strategies were evaluated; however, these efforts did not lead to completion of a synthesis of kealiiquinone but did provide access to other closely related analogues.