Access to Indenones by Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed C–H Annulation of Arylnitrones with Internal Alkynes
作者:Zisong Qi、Mei Wang、Xingwei Li
DOI:10.1021/ol4025309
日期:2013.11
Under redox-neutral conditions, rhodium(III)-catalyzed C–H annulation of N-tert-butyl-α-arylnitrones with internal alkynes has been realized for the synthesis of indenones under mild conditions. This reaction proceeded in moderate to high yields and with good functional group tolerance.
9-benzoylcarbazoles with internal alkynes proceeds efficiently through ortho C–H and C–N bond cleavages. This reaction provides direct access to variously substituted indanone derivatives. The carbazolyl leavinggroup can be readily recovered and reused for preparing the starting materials. Keywords: annulation; rhodium catalyst; C–H bond cleavage
An efficient photocatalysis has been developed for the synthesis of indanone using low-energy greenlight as input energy. This methodology provides a greener avenue to construct indanone through a metal-free photocatalytic radical annulation reaction between α-keto acid and internal alkyne.
Rhodium-Catalyzed Direct Annulation of Aldehydes with Alkynes Leading to Indenones: Proceeding through <i>in Situ</i> Directing Group Formation and Removal
The Rh-catalyzed direct annulation of an aldehyde with an alkyne leading to indenone was achieved. The in situ temporal installation of acetylhydrazine enables the annulation of the ortho arene C-H bond with alkynes to form ketone hydrazone. Subsequently, the in situ directing group removal takes place since ketone hydrazone is more susceptible toward hydrolysis than aldehyde hydrazone. Notably, this procedure tolerates a series of functional groups, such as methoxyl, acetylamino, fluoro, trifluoromethyl, methoxycarbonyl, chloro, and bromo groups.