Methods of preparation of N-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl) (HPMP) derivatives of (2S)- and (2R)-configuration (compounds I and XXVII, respectively) are described. The general method starts from the corresponding N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) derivatives which were converted either into the (R)-enantiomers XIII by reaction of the base with (R)-glycidol butyrate (XII) in the presence of cesium carbonate and subsequent methanolysis, or into the (S)-enantiomers XI by alkylation of the base with (R)-2,2-dimethyl-4-tosyloxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane (V) in the presence of the same reagent. The amino groups on the heterocyclic base in compounds XI and XIII were benzoylated by silylation followed by reaction with benzoyl chloride and the obtained N-benzoates XV and XVII on reaction with trityl chloride afforded the corresponding 3'-O-trityl derivatives XVI and XVIII. These compounds were condensed with bis(2-propyl) p-sulfonyloxymethylphosphonate (XXIII) in dimethylformamide in the presence of sodium hydride to give the fully protected diesters XXIV and XXVIII. These compounds could be selectively acid-hydrolyzed to remove the trityl group only under formation of compounds XXXV, or methanolyzed and then acid-hydrolyzed to remove the trityl and N-benzoyl groups and lead to compounds XXVI and XXX, or treated with bromotrimethylsilane to remove the trityl and 2-propyl group to give phosphonates of the type XXXI. All the three types of compounds were then converted into free phosphonates of the (S)-series (I) and the (R)-series (XXVII). Derivatives of cytosine (Ia, XXVIIa), adenine (Ib, XXVIIb), 2,6-diaminopurine (Ic, XXVIIc) and guanine (Id, XXVIId) were prepared. Condensation of the partially blocked adenine deriavtive XXXV with the tosyl derivative XXIII and subsequent deprotection afforded 9-(S)-(2,3-diphosphonomethoxy propyl)adenine (XLIII). Reaction of the same compound XXXV or its (R)-enantiomer XXXVIII with diethyl phosphonate , followed by deblocking, afforded 3'-O-phosphoryl derivatives (S)-HPMPA (XXXVII) and (R)-HPMPA (XL).
描述了制备N-(3-羟基-2-膦甲
氧基丙基)(H
PMP)衍
生物的方法,其中包括(2S)-和(2R)-构型的化合物I和XXVII。一般方法始于相应的N-(2,3-二羟基丙基)衍
生物,通过将其转化为(R)-对映体XIII(通过碱与(R)-环
氧丙酯(XII)在
碳酸铯存在下的反应和随后的
甲醇解)或通过在相同试剂存在下,通过碱与(R)-
2,2-二甲基-4-对
甲苯磺酰
氧甲基-1,3-二
氧兰(V)烷基化,将其转化为(S)-对映体XI。化合物XI和XIII中的杂环碱基上的
氨基被
硅烷化后与
苯甲酰氯反应,得到的N-
苯甲酸酯XV和XVII在与三
苯甲基氯反应时生成相应的3'-O-三
苯甲基衍
生物XVI和XVIII。这些化合物与双(2-丙基)对
磺酸氧甲基膦酸酯(XXIII)在二
甲基甲
酰胺中与
氢化
钠存在下反应,得到完全保护的二
酯体XXIV和XXVIII。这些化合物可以选择性地酸
水解以去除三
苯甲基基团,仅形成化合物XXXV,或者经
甲醇解然后酸
水解以去除三
苯甲基和N-
苯甲酰基团,并导致化合物XXVI和XXX,或者经
溴三
甲基硅烷处理以去除三
苯甲基和2-丙基基团,形成XXXI型
膦酸酯。然后将这三种类型的化合物转化为(S)-系列(I)和(R)-系列(XXVII)的自由
膦酸酯。制备了
胞嘧啶(Ia、XXVIIa)、
腺嘌呤(Ib、XXVIIb)、
2,6-二氨基嘌呤(Ic、XXVIIc)和
鸟嘌呤(Id、XXVIId)的衍
生物。部分阻塞的
腺嘌呤衍
生物XXXV与甲磺酰衍
生物XXIII进行缩合反应,随后去保护作用,得到9-(S)-(2,3-二
磷酸甲
氧基丙基)
腺嘌呤(XLIII)。将相同化合物XXXV或其(R)-对映体XXXVIII与
二乙基膦酸
酯反应,随后去保护,得到3'-O-
磷酰化衍
生物(S)-H
PMPA(XXXVII)和(R)-H
PMPA(XL)。