Hexacyanobutadiene: molecular and electronic structures of [C4(CN)6]n (n = 0, 2-)
作者:Joel S. Miller、Joseph C. Calabrese、David A. Dixon
DOI:10.1021/j100161a035
日期:1991.4
Hexacyanobutadiene and its dianions have been studied by X-ray diffraction. The electronic and vibrational spectra of [C4(CN)6]n (n = 0, 2-) have been determined and compared with the results obtained from ab initio molecular orbital theory. Calculations are reported for n = 0 and for three isomers of the dianion. The crystal and molecular structure of hexacyanobutadiene has been determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis at -100-degrees-C. The pale yellow crystals belong to the orthorhombic Pbc2(1) (no. 29) space group [a = 10.138 (2) angstrom, b = 10.256 (2) angstrom, c = 19.862 (2) angstrom, V = 1025.4 angstrom3, Z = 4, R = 0.086, R(w) = 0.080]. The central C-C and pair of C = C bonds are 1.487 and 1.307 angstrom, respectively, whereas the C-CN and C = N bonds average 1.448 and 1.124 angstrom, respectively. The molecule is nonplanar with a 140.1-degrees torsion angle about the central C-C bond. The trans-[n-C4(CN)6]2- and [i-C4(CN)6]2- dianions were crystallized as the [Fe(C5Me5)2].+ salt (2:1). The former 2:1 charge-transfer complex crystallized in either the C2/m (no. 12) space group [a = 10.010 (5) angstrom, b = 14.677 (4) angstrom, c = 14.825 (7) angstrom, beta = 91.35 (3)degrees, V = 2191.4 angstrom3] or the monoclinic P2(1)/c (no. 14) space group [a = 10.056 (5) angstrom, b = 14.679 (4) angstrom, c = 14.826 (7) angstrom, beta = 91.54 (4), V = 2187.7 angstrom3, Z = 2, R = 0.072, R(W) = 0.068 at -100-degrees-C]. The dianion in the former is disordered but is ordered in the latter. The D5h cation is ordered and is essentially structurally equivalent to previously reported cations. The trans-[n-C4(CN)6]2- structure possesses C2h local symmetry with the central C = C and pair of C-C bond distances of 1.342 and 1.401 angstrom, respectively. The average C-CN and C = N bond distances are 1.459 and 1.128 angstrom, respectively. The unit cell is comprised of an independent [Fe(C5Me5)2].+ cation and a half-anion which form parallel ...D.+A2-D.+D.+A2-D.+... chains which have no unusual intra- or interchain contacts. The intrachain FeIII...FeIII separations are 7.18 and 10.63 angstrom, and the interchain FeIII...FeIII distances less than 10 angstrom are 8.43, 8.75, 9.68, and 9.72 angstrom. The latter 2:1 charge-transfer complex belongs to the hexagonal R3BAR (no. 148) space group [a = 14.589 (6) angstrom, c = 18.216 (16) angstrom, V = 3357 angstrom3, Z = 3, R = 0.045, R(W) = 0.050 at -40-degrees-C]. The cation is poorly resolved, and the planar dianion sits on a 3-fold axis and is disordered. The unit cell is comprised of parallel ...D.+A2-D.+D.+A2-D.+... chains which have no unusual intra- or interchain contacts. The intrachain FeIII...FeIII separations are 7.17 and 11.04 angstrom, and the interchain FeIII...FeIII distances less than 10 angstrom are 8.49 and 9.78 angstrom.