A series of novel sodium 2-alkyl-5-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1,3-dioxane-5-carboxylate surfactants were synthesized in high yield using nanosolid superacid sulfonated carbon as a catalyst and characterized by 1H NMR, IR and elemental analysis. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the surfactants was determined and the results showed that the CMC values were less than 1.0 × 10–3 mol/L. Other relevant surface properties were also evaluated, such as emulsion stability, foam ability and degradability. In relation to emulsion formation, foam stability and the range of application of temperature, the new surfactants showed better properties than traditional surfactants when used as an emulsifier in emulsion polymerization. Moreover, the surfactants were stable under alkaline and neutral conditions, and degraded into raw materials under acid condition. Convenient synthesis process with high yield and superior properties promisingly make the title compounds to be a type of ‘environmentally friendly’ surfactants.
一系列新型的2-烷基-5-(乙氧羰基)-1,3-二氧六烷-5-
羧酸酯表面活性剂采用纳米固态超酸磺化碳作为催化剂合成,产率高,并通过1H NMR、红外光谱和元素分析进行了表征。对表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度(
CMC)进行了测定,结果显示
CMC值低于1.0 × 10–3 mol/L。还评估了其他相关的表面性质,例如乳液稳定性、泡沫能力和可降解性。在乳液形成、泡沫稳定性和温度应用范围方面,这些新型表面活性剂在作为
乳化剂用于乳液聚合时表现出比传统表面活性剂更好的特性。此外,这些表面活性剂在碱性和中性条件下稳定,并在酸性条件下降解为原料。便利的合成过程、高产率和优越的性能使得这些化合物有望成为一种“环保”表面活性剂。