Energetic Effects of Magnesium in the Recognition of Adenosine Nucleotides by the F<sub>1</sub>-ATPase β Subunit
作者:Nancy O. Pulido、Guillermo Salcedo、Gerardo Pérez-Hernández、Concepción José-Núñez、Adrián Velázquez-Campoy、Enrique García-Hernández
DOI:10.1021/bi1006767
日期:2010.6.29
Nucleotide-induced conformational changes of the catalytic beta subunits play a crucial role in the rotary mechanism of F-1-ATPase. To gain insights into the energetic bases that govern the recognition of nucleotides by the isolated beta subunit from thermophilic Bacillus PS3 (T beta), the binding of this monomer to Mg(II)-free and Mg(II)-bound adenosine nucleotides was characterized using high-precision isothermal titration calorimetry. The interactions of Mg(II) with free ATP or ADP were also measured calorimetrically. A model that considers simultaneously the interactions of T beta with Mg.ATP or with ATP and in which ATP is able to bind two Mg(II) atoms sequentially was used to determine the formation parameters of the T beta-Mg.ATP complex from calorimetric data, This analysis yielded significantly different Delta H-b and Delta S-b values in relation to those obtained using a single-binding site model, while Delta G(b) was almost unchanged. Published calorimetric data for the titration of T beta with Mg.ADP [Perez-Hernandez, G., et al. (2002) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 408.177-183] were reanalyzed with the ternary model to determine the corresponding true binding parameters. Interactions of T beta with Mg.ATP, ATP, Mg.ADP, or ADP were enthalpically driven. Larger differences in thermodynamic properties were observed between T beta-Mg.ATP and T beta-ATP complexes than between T beta-Mg.ADP and T beta-ADP complexes or between T beta-Mg.ATP and T beta-Mg.ADP complexes. These binding data, in conjunction with those for the association of Mg(II) with free nucleotides, allowed for a determination of the energetic effects of the metal ion on the recognition of adenosine nucleotides by T beta [i.e., T beta.AT(D)P + Mg(II) reversible arrow T beta.AT(D)P-Mg]. Because of a more favorable binding enthalpy, Mg(II) is recognized more avidly by the T beta.ATP complex, indicating better stereochemical complementarity than in the T beta.ADP complex. Furthermore, a structural-energetic analysis suggests that T beta adopts a more closed conformation when it is bound to Mg.ATP than to ATP or Mg.ADP, in agreement with recently published NMR data [Yagi. H., et al. (2009) J. Biol. Chem. 284, 2374-2382]. Using published binding data, a similar analysis of Mg(II) energetic effects was performed for the free energy change of F-1 catalytic sites, in the framework of bi- or tri-site binding models.