Synthesis, Pharmacological and Structural Characterization, and Thermodynamic Aspects of GluA2-Positive Allosteric Modulators with a 3,4-Dihydro-2<i>H</i>-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-Dioxide Scaffold
作者:Ann-Beth Nørholm、Pierre Francotte、Lars Olsen、Christian Krintel、Karla Frydenvang、Eric Goffin、Sylvie Challal、Laurence Danober、Iuliana Botez-Pop、Pierre Lestage、Bernard Pirotte、Jette S. Kastrup
DOI:10.1021/jm4012092
日期:2013.11.14
Positive allosteric modulators of ionotropic glutamate receptors are potential compounds for treatment of cognitive disorders, e.g., Alzheimer's disease. The modulators bind within the dimer interface of the ligand-binding domain (LBD) and stabilize the agonist-bound conformation, thereby slowing receptor desensitization and/or deactivation. Here we describe the synthesis and pharmacological testing at GluA2 of a new generation of 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides. The most potent modulator 3 in complex with GluA2-LBD-L483Y-N754S was subjected to structural analysis by X-ray crystallography, and the thermodynamics of binding was studied by isothermal titration calorimetry. Compound 3 binds to GluA2-LBD-L483Y-N754S with a K-d of 0.35 mu M (Delta H = -7.5 kcal/mol and -T Delta S = -1.3 kcal/mol). This is the first time that submicromolar binding affinity has been achieved for this type of positive allosteric modulator. The major structural factor increasing the binding affinity of 3 seems to be interactions between the cyclopropyl group of 3 and the backbone of Phe495 and Met496.