El Niño-Southern Oscillation and Rainfall Variability in Central and Southern Sudan
摘要:
In this study, the effects of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the rainfall variability in the central (Savannah) and southern (Equatorial) regions of Sudan are examined. The annual rainfall data from 12 rainfall stations for 49 years are used in this examination. The results of the study show that the areal annual regionally averaged rainfall values in the two regions have decreased markedly since the early 1960s, with co-existence between the driest years and the warm ENSO events. The correlation between the annual regional rainfall values and the ENSO events is found to be relatively higher for the Savannah region than for the Equatorial region. Two regional ENSO-rainfall prediction models are developed, one for each region. These models use the ENSO sea surface temperature. The results of the models test show that both models can significantly improve the predictability of the annual rainfall values, which is essential for the planning and the management of water resources in Sudan.
DOI:
10.1080/02508060108686902
作为产物:
描述:
2,3,8-Trimethyl-5-isopropyl-decahydro-2-naphthol 在
palladium on activated charcoal 氢气 作用下,
生成 7-Methyl-cadalen
In connection with the characterization of methylcadalenes by modern spectroscopic methods, all five, theoretically possible, methylcadalenes have been prepared by new and simpler procedures. UV, IR and PMR spectra of these compounds are reported and discussed. TLC of isomeric naphthalenes over silica gel impregnated with trinitrobenzene is described.
A new sesquiterpene hydrocarbon, (−)γ2-cadinene, has been isolated from Indian vetiver oil. On the basis of formation of (+) cadinene dihydrochloride and other reactions, its structure and absolute configuration are represented by the formula I. It belongs to the unusual antipodal group of cadinenes.
Sesquiterpenoids. Part V. The stereochemistry of acorone: X-ray analysis of acorone p-bromophenylsulphonylhydrazone
作者:C. E. McEachan、A. T. McPhail、G. A. Sim
DOI:10.1039/j39660000579
日期:——
Crystals of acorone p-bromophenylsulphonylhydrazone are monoclinic, space group P21(C22), with two molecules of C21H29N2BrSO3 in a unit cell of dimensions a= 11·45, b= 9·95, c= 11·03 Å, β= 109° 15′. An X-ray crystal-structure determination has established its stereochemistry. The cyclohexane ring adopts the chair conformation with the methyl group at C(8) axial. The atomic parameters were refined by
Acorone对溴苯磺酰hydr的晶体是单斜晶,空间群P 2 1(C 2 2),在一个单元格中,两个分子C 21 H 29 N 2 BrSO 3的尺寸为a = 11·45,b = 9·95,c = 11·03Å,β= 109°15′。的X射线晶体结构确定已经建立了立体化学。环己烷环采用C(8)轴上带有甲基的椅子构象。原子参数通过傅里叶和最小二乘方法进行了精炼,最终差异R,超过1453个观察到的反射率为14·5%。
Sorm; Herout, Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications, 1949, vol. 14, p. 723,734