The competition between 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) and water has been quantitatively evaluated for the allylic carbocation derived from tamoxifen and for the stabilized diarylmethyl cation (bis-(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl). Both systems were examined by the competition kinetics method, in which the products were quantitatively analyzed after the SN1 solvolysis of the corresponding acetate esters in aqueous solutions containing the nucleoside. The principal product of the reaction of both cations with dG is the adduct at the NH2 group, a characteristic of delocalized carbocations. The tamoxifen cation was also examined by laser flash photolysis, with absolute rate constants for the reaction with dG and water being obtained and converted into rate constant ratios. The principal result of this study is that there is a three orders of magnitude difference in the reactivity of these cations towards the neutral form of dG and its conjugate base. Under acidic conditions where the reaction occurs with neutral dG, the guaninewater selectivity is low. Even at relatively high concentrations of dG, the majority of the product is alcohol derived from the water reaction. At pH 10 to 11, in contrast, dG is present as the anion and this is highly competitive. Yields of adduct as high as 90% can be attained. A consequence of the large difference in reactivities is that at neutral pH the majority of the reaction of the cation with dG is actually occurring via the small amount of conjugate base present. A further feature of the results is that the NH2 adduct is the predominant stable product from the anion. To explain the high rate constant for the reaction forming this product, a mechanism is proposed whereby one of the protons of the NH2 group is transferred to N1 as the N2-cation bond is forming.Key words: guanine, DNA adduct, carbocation, tamoxifen.
2'-脱氧鸟苷(dG)与水之间的竞争已经定量评估了从他莫昔芬衍生的烯丙基碳离子和稳定的二芳基甲基阳离子(双(4-甲氧基苯基)甲基)中。这两个系统都通过竞争动力学方法进行了研究,在其中,在含有核苷的水溶液中,对应的乙酸酯经SN1溶解后,产物被定量分析。两个阳离子与dG的反应的主要产物是NH2基团的加合物,这是离域化碳离子的特征。他莫昔芬阳离子也通过激光闪光光解法进行了研究,获得了与dG和水反应的绝对速率常数,并转化为速率常数比。这项研究的主要结果是,在这些阳离子与dG和其共轭碱的中性形式之间的反应性存在三个数量级的差异。在反应发生于中性dG的酸性条件下,鸟嘌呤-水选择性较低。即使在相对高浓度的dG下,大多数产物也是来自水反应的醇。相比之下,在pH 10到11之间,dG以阴离子的形式存在,这是高度竞争的。可以获得高达90%的加合物收率。反应性差异巨大的一个结果是,在中性pH下,阳离子与dG的大多数反应实际上是通过少量存在的共轭碱进行的。结果的另一个特征是,NH2加合物是来自阴离子的主要稳定产物。为了解释形成该产物的反应速率常数高的原因,提出了一种机理,其中NH2基团的一个质子在N1形成N2-阳离子键时被转移。关键词:鸟嘌呤,DNA加合物,碳离子,他莫昔芬。