The enantioselectivehydrogenation of β-(acyloxy)- and β-(acylamino)vinylphosphonates with rhodium catalysts based on chiral phosphane-phosphite ligands has been studied. In the case of the β-(acyloxy)vinylphosphonates, the reaction also produces an achiral phosphonate resulting from the elimination of the benzoate group. High ligand modularity has led to a highly chemo- and enantioselective catalyst