脱氢阿霉素(Dehydroaltenusin)是一种由真菌产生的抗生素,是真核DNA聚合酶α (DNA polymerase α) 的小分子选择性抑制剂。其IC50值为0.68 μM。脱氢阿霉素对哺乳动物polα的活性具有竞争性的抑制作用模式(Ki=0.23 μM),对2'-脱氧核糖核苷5'-三磷酸底物则是非竞争性的(Ki=0.18 μM)。这种化合物在S期阻止癌细胞周期并触发凋亡。
靶点脱氢阿霉素以剂量依赖性方式抑制细胞生长,在38.0至44.4 μM浓度下作用24小时后,LD50值范围从38.0到44.4 μM。在6小时内,38.0 μM的脱氢阿霉素通过阻断S期DNA复制抑制细胞生长。75.0 μM的作用24小时后,在人类癌细胞中表现出强烈的凋亡作用,12小时孵育后可以检测到DNA梯状结构。
细胞增殖试验脱氢阿霉素(通过注射;20 mg/kg剂量,每两天一次;共12至39天)从第21天开始抑制肿瘤生长。
动物模型The soil fungus Talaromycesflavus (Klöcker) Stolk and Samson is an effective biological control for Verticillium wilt of eggplant (Solanummelongena L.), a disease caused by the fungus Verticilliumdahliae Kleb. The organic soluble metabolites produced when the fungus is grown in liquid still culture include D-glucono-1,4-lactone (1), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5), the previously unreported tetraketides, 4,6-dihydroxy-5-methylphthalide (3) and methyl 4-carboxy-5-hydroxyphthalaldehydate (8), a hexaketide, 7-hydroxy-2,5-dimethylchromone (6), and a metabolite believed to be 3-hydroxymethyl-6,8-dimethoxycoumarin (10). A number of higher order polyketides have been isolated including altenusin (11), dehydroaltenusin (12), and the previously unreported desmethyldehydroaltenusin (14). A structurally and biosynthetically interesting spirocyclic metabolite, which we have named talaroflavone (16), as well as a related compound, deoxytalaroflavone (18), have also been obtained. Keywords: Talaromycesflavus, fungal metabolites, talaroflavone, 4,6-dihydroxy-5-methylphthalide.