Assessment of radiation-induced DNA damage caused by the incorporation of -radiopharmaceuticals in murine lymphocytes using single cell gel electrophoresis
摘要:
The DNA damage induced by the Tc-99m-radiopharmaceuticals incorporation to the cell was determined by the single-cell gel electrophoresis in murine lymphocytes in vitro. The Tc-99m-hexamethyl-propylene amine oxime (Tc-99m-HMPAO) and Tc-99m-2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (Tc-99m-gentisic acid) induced nearly 100% of cells with breaks and/or alkali labile sites, which is explained by the action of the Auger electrons produced by the decay of the Tc-99m. These results agree with the doses of 1.6 and 1.0 Gy estimated by subcellular dosimetry for Tc-99m-HMPAO that is incorporated in the cytoplasm, and the Tc-99m-gentisic acid, which remains bonded to the cell membrane, respectively. The results imply that Auger electrons are able to cause important DNA damage, when the radionuclide is incorporated in the range of a few microns from the nuclei. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Benzalkonium chloride and benzethonium chloride are each useful in radiopharmaceutical preparations (optionally in the presence of a polymyxin or a polymyxin derivative) as bacteriostatic agents which are compatible with anti-oxidants.