哌嗪类化合物是指含有哌嗪结构的一类重要医药中间体,广泛应用于生产驱肠虫药物如磷酸哌嗪和枸橼酸哌嗪,以及氟奋乃静、强痛定和利福平等其他药物。此外,这些化合物也被用于制造湿润剂、乳化剂、分散剂等表面活性剂,以及抗氧剂、防腐剂、稳定剂等塑料加工助剂与橡胶助剂。
哌嗪又名六氢吡嗪或二亚乙基二胺。从乙醇中析出的哌嗪为白色斜方晶系叶片状结晶,具有温和的胺臭和咸味,并具备吸湿性。其相对密度为0.876,熔点为106.6℃,沸点为146℃。该化合物易溶于水和甘油,微溶于乙醇而不溶于乙醚。哌嗪具有强碱性,10%的水溶液pH值在10.8~11.8之间,并能吸收空气中的二氧化碳。对眼睛和皮肤有刺激作用,具有典型的仲胺反应。它可通过乙二胺与1,2-二氯乙烷反应或由氨基乙醇高温下二聚而制得。无机酸及有机酸盐用作人和动物的驱肠虫药物,是驱除蛔虫、蛲虫的有效药物,并用于有机合成。
哌嗪又称为“驱蛔灵”,对蛔虫和蛲虫均有较强作用。该药能使虫体肌肉发生松弛性麻痹,防止其随肠道蠕动被排出体外。使用时不会出现兴奋现象,相对安全。可用于治疗由蛔虫引起的不完全肠梗阻及早期胆道蛔虫病,亦适用于伴有溃疡病的患者。一般剂量治愈率可达70%~80%,连续用药2天可提高治愈率。治疗蛲虫病需连续服药7~10天。该药物毒性较低,治疗量下偶尔会出现恶心、呕吐或荨麻疹等副作用。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1,4-双(3-氨基丙基)哌嗪 | 1,4-bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazine | 7209-38-3 | C10H24N4 |
| 1,4-双(2-羧乙基)哌嗪 | 3,3'-(piperazine-1,4-diyl)dipropanoic acid | 5649-49-0 | C10H18N2O4 |
| 1,4-二苯基哌嗪 | 1,4-diphenyl-piperazine | 613-39-8 | C16H18N2 |
| 1,4-二苄基哌嗪-2-羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 1,4-dibenzylpiperazin-2-carboxylate | 72351-59-8 | C21H26N2O2 |
| 1,4-二甲基哌嗪-2,3-二酮 | 1,4-dimethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazine | 59417-06-0 | C6H10N2O2 |
| 1,4-二甲基哌嗪 | 1,4-dimethylpiperazine | 106-58-1 | C6H14N2 |
| 1,4-二叔丁基2-(氨基甲基)哌嗪-1,4-二羧酸 | di-tert-butyl 2-(aminomethyl)piperazine-1,4-dicarboxylate | 1256815-07-2 | C15H29N3O4 |
| 1,4-二乙酰基哌嗪-2,5-二酮 | N,N'-diacetylpiperazin-2,5-dione | 3027-05-2 | C8H10N2O4 |
| 1,4-二乙基哌嗪 | 1,4-diethylpiperazine | 6483-50-7 | C8H18N2 |
| 1,4-二丙烯酰基哌嗪 | 1,4-diacryloylpiperazine | 6342-17-2 | C10H14N2O2 |
| 1,4-二(4-亚硝基苯基)哌嗪 | di-(4-nitrosophenyl)-N,N-piperazine | 4963-30-8 | C16H16N4O2 |
| 1,3-二甲基-哌嗪 | 1,3-dimethyl-piperazine | 22317-01-7 | C6H14N2 |
| 1,1,4,4-四甲基哌嗪二鎓二碘化物 | Tetramethylpiperazinium diiodide | 6952-20-1 | C8H20I2N2 |
| (S)-4-苯甲基-2-哌嗪乙醇 | (S)-2-(4-benzylpiperazin-2-yl)ethanol | 477220-33-0 | C13H20N2O |
| (S)-4-N-叔丁氧羰基-2-甲基哌嗪 | (S)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester | 147081-29-6 | C10H20N2O2 |
| (S)-2-哌嗪甲醇二盐酸盐 | (S)-Piperazin-2-ylmethanol dihydrochloride | 149629-73-2 | C5H14Cl2N2O |
| (S)-2-三氟甲基-哌嗪 | (2S)-2-(trifluoromethyl)piperazine | 1187931-35-6 | C5H9F3N2 |
| (S)-1,4-n-二boc-2-哌嗪-2-羧酸 | (S)-1,4-bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperazine-2-carboxylic acid | 788799-69-9 | C15H26N2O6 |
| (S)-(+)-2-甲基哌嗪 | (S)-2-methylpiperazine | 74879-18-8 | C5H12N2 |
| (R)-哌嗪-2-羧酸二盐酸盐 | (R)-Piperazine-2-carboxylic acid dihydrochloride | 126330-90-3 | C5H12Cl2N2O2 |
| (R)-N-1-Boc-N-4-Cbz-2-哌嗪甲酸 | (2R)-4-[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]-1-[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]piperazine-2-carboxylic acid | 138775-02-7 | C18H24N2O6 |
| (R)-4-Boc-2-甲基哌嗪 | (R)-tert-butyl 3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate | 163765-44-4 | C10H20N2O2 |
| (R)-4-(2,4-二甲氧基苄基)-3-甲基哌嗪-2-酮 | (R)-4-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-3-methylpiperazin-2-one | 1383146-20-0 | C14H20N2O3 |
| (R)-3-甲基哌嗪-2-酮 | (R)-3-methylpiperazin-2-one | 922178-61-8 | C5H10N2O |
| (R)-2-甲基哌嗪双盐酸盐 | (R)-2-Methylpiperazine dihydrochloride | 75336-89-9 | C5H14Cl2N2 |
| (R)-2-甲基-1-哌嗪甲酸苄酯 | (R)-benzyl 2-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate | 923565-99-5 | C13H18N2O2 |
| (R)-2-乙基哌嗪二盐酸盐 | (R)-2-ethylpiperazine dihydrochloride | 438050-07-8 | C6H16Cl2N2 |
| (R)-1-叔丁氧羰基-3-乙基哌嗪 | tert-butyl (R)-3-ethylpiperazine-1-carboxylate | 438050-08-9 | C11H22N2O2 |
| (R)-1-n-boc-4-n-boc-哌嗪-2-羧酸 | (R)-1,4-bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperazine-2-carboxylic acid | 173774-48-6 | C15H26N2O6 |
| (R)-1-N-Boc-2-甲基哌嗪 | (R)-tert-butyl 2-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate | 170033-47-3 | C10H20N2O2 |
| (R)-1,3-二甲基哌嗪-2-酮盐酸盐 | (R)-1,3-dimethylpiperazine-2-one hydrochloride | 1373232-29-1 | C6H12N2O*ClH |
| (R)-(-)-2-甲基哌嗪 | (2R)-methylpiperazine | 75336-86-6 | C5H12N2 |
| (5-甲基-3-氧代-2-哌嗪基)乙酸 | (5-Methyl-3-oxopiperazin-2-yl)acetic acid | 405214-35-9 | C7H12N2O3 |
| (3S)-3-(羟基甲基)-1-哌嗪羧酸苯基甲酯 | benzyl (3S)-3-(hydroxymethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate | 930837-02-8 | C13H18N2O3 |
| (3S)-1-苄氧基羰基-3-甲基哌嗪 | benzyl (3S)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate | 612493-87-5 | C13H18N2O2 |
| (2R,5S)-2,5-二甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl (2R,5S)-2,5-dimethylpiperazine-1-carboxylate | 309915-46-6 | C11H22N2O2 |
| (2R)-2-甲基-1-哌嗪甲酸叔丁酯盐酸盐 | (R)-tert-butyl 2-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate hydrochloride | 1000853-53-1 | C10H20N2O2*ClH |
| (2R)-1,2-二甲基哌嗪 | (2R)-1,2-dimethylpiperazine | 623586-02-7 | C6H14N2 |
| (1-环辛基)哌嗪 | 1-cyclooctylpiperazine | 21043-43-6 | C12H24N2 |
| (-)-1-[(4-氯苯基)苯甲基]哌嗪 | (R)-1-((4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazine | 300543-56-0 | C17H19ClN2 |
| —— | 4-(3-chloropropyl)piperazine-1-ethanol dihydrochloride | 3445-00-9 | C9H19ClN2O*2ClH |
| —— | 1-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)piperazine dihydrochloride | 1795503-50-2 | C7H14Cl2N4 |
| —— | 1-amino-4-cyclobutylpiperazine | 61379-68-8 | C8H17N3 |
| —— | (2R,6R)-2,6-dimethylpiperazine dihydrochloride | 162240-93-9 | C6H14N2*2ClH |
| —— | Acefylline piperazine | 18833-13-1 | C22H30N10O8 |
| —— | 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-4-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride | 5753-26-4 | C7H17Cl3N2 |
| —— | 1,4-Piperazinedicarbodithioic acid, dipotassium salt | 40839-73-4 | C6H8N2S4*2K |
| —— | Acefylline Piperazine | 18833-13-1 | C100H150N46O32 |
| —— | N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-7-methoxy-6-(3-(piperazin-1-yl)propoxy)quinazolin-4-amine | 295330-45-9 | C22H25ClFN5O2 |
| —— | 2-(1-piperazinyl)quinoline hydrochloride | 928026-67-9 | C13H15N3*ClH |