Construction of the tricyclic benzoquinolizine ring system by combination of a tandem Mannich-Michael reaction with a Heck reaction
摘要:
Tetrahydro- and hexahydrobenzo[a]quinolizinones can be built up efficiently by means of a two step reaction sequence consisting of a tandem Mannich-Michael reaction and a Heck reaction. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Asymmetric synthesis of highly functionalized tetracyclic indole bases embodying the basic skeleton of yohimbine- and reserpine type alkaloids
作者:Ralf Lock、Herbert Waldmann
DOI:10.1016/0040-4039(96)00388-7
日期:1996.4
Schiffbasesderivedfrom tryptophan methyl ester react with differently substituted electron-rich siloxy dienes in the presence of achiral or chiral boric acid esters to give enaminones 5 and 6 with high diastereomer ratios (up to >98:2). These intermediates are converted into highly functionalized indoloquinolizines 14 and 15 by means of a new method which employs the transformation of vinylogous
Blaeser, Edwin; Kolar, Patrik; Fenske, Dieter, European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1999, # 1, p. 329 - 334
作者:Blaeser, Edwin、Kolar, Patrik、Fenske, Dieter、Goesmann, Hellmut、Waldmann, Herbert
DOI:——
日期:——
Three-Step Access to the Tricyclic Benzo[<i>a</i>]quinolizine Ring System
作者:Stephan Kirschbaum、Herbert Waldmann
DOI:10.1021/jo972035w
日期:1998.7.1
Access to the tricyclic benzo[a]quinolizine ring system, which forms the characteristic framework of alkaloids of the berberine and emetine type, is readily obtained by a three-step reaction sequence. This sequence includes the formation of a Schiff base, derived from a 2-bromo-substituted phenylethylamine, and its tandem Mannich/conjugate addition reaction with an electron-rich silyloxy diene forming an intermediate enaminone, which subsequently undergoes a Heck-type cyclization. Highest yields of the tandem Mannich/conjugate addition for aromatic Schiff bases and formaldehyde imines are observed in the presence of ZnCl2 in THF, whereas aromatic imines give the best results in the presence of EtAlCl2 in CH2Cl2. The best results for the Heck-type cyclizations are obtained either under heterogeneous conditions in the presence of K2CO3/NEt4Cl at 120 degrees C in DMF or in refluxing toluene or under homogeneous conditions at 100 degrees C in DMF in the presence of NEt-(i-Pr)(2). Depending on the substitution pattern of the diene and the steric demand of the base employed in the Heck cyclization, benzo[a]quinolizines carrying a double bond in the 11b,1- or 3,4-position or in an exocyclic position are obtained with fair to good results. A mechanistic rationale for this behavior is proposed. If chiral amines, e.g., derived from an amino acid ester, are employed in the three-step reaction sequence, chiral tricyclic benzo[a]quinolizines become accessible in a straightforward manner.
Enantioselective Construction of Highly Functionalized Indoloquinolizines—congeners to Polycyclic Indole Alkaloids
作者:Ralf Lock、Herbert Waldmann
DOI:10.1002/chem.19970030122
日期:1997.1
AbstractIndolo[2,3‐a]quinolizines have been prepared in enantiomerically pure form by a very short and efficient synthetic sequence consisting of a) formation of imines of tryptophan esters, b) their enantioselective reaction with substituted silyloxydienes mediated by a chiral or an achiral boron Lewis acid, and c) subsequent ring closure initiated by conversion of the generated vinylogous amides into vinylogous imidoyl chlorides. With this strategy various substituents can be incorporated directly into the 1‐position of the heterocyclic framework of complex indole alkaloids by the choice of an appropriate silyloxydiene, so that subsequent derivatization of the alkaloid precursor at this position is rendered unnecessary.