Novel 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives as selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation
作者:Akbarzadeh, Tahmineh、Hariri, Roshanak、Nazari, Maryam、Rezaee, Elham、Tabatabai, Sayyed Abbas
DOI:10.17179/excli2021-3569
日期:——
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive mental disorder that brings a huge economic burden to the healthcare systems. During this illness, acetylcholine levels in the cholinergic systems gradually diminish, which results in severe memory loss and cognitive impairments. Moreover, Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzyme participates in cholinergic neurotransmission regulation by playing a prominent role in the latter phase of AD. In this study, based on donepezil, which is an effective acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, a series of 1,2,4-oxadiazole compounds were designed, synthesized and their inhibitory activities towards AChE and BuChE enzymes were evaluated. Some structures exhibited a higher selectivity rate towards BuChE in comparison to donepezil. Notably, compound 6n with an IC50 value of 5.07 µM and an SI ratio greater than 19.72 showed the highest potency and selectivity towards BuChE enzyme. The docking result revealed that compound 6n properly fitted the active site pocket of BuChE enzyme, and formed desirable lipophilic interactions and hydrogen bonds. Moreover, according to in silico ADME studies, these compounds have proper potential for being developed as new oral anti-Alzheimer’s agents.
阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种渐进性精神疾病,给医疗系统带来了巨大的经济负担。患病期间,胆碱能系统中的乙酰胆碱水平会逐渐降低,从而导致严重的记忆丧失和认知障碍。此外,丁酰胆碱酯酶(BuChE)参与胆碱能神经递质的调节,在 AD 的后期阶段发挥着重要作用。多奈哌齐是一种有效的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)抑制剂,本研究以多奈哌齐为基础,设计、合成了一系列 1,2,4-噁二唑化合物,并评估了它们对 AChE 和 BuChE 酶的抑制活性。与多奈哌齐相比,一些结构对 BuChE 具有更高的选择性。值得注意的是,IC50 值为 5.07 µM、SI 比大于 19.72 的化合物 6n 对 BuChE 酶具有最高的效力和选择性。对接结果表明,化合物 6n 与 BuChE 酶的活性位点口袋十分吻合,并形成了理想的亲脂相互作用和氢键。此外,根据硅学 ADME 研究,这些化合物具有开发为新型口服抗阿尔茨海默氏症药物的适当潜力。