De Novo Synthesis Mechanism of Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans from Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and the Characteristic Isomers of Polychlorinated Naphthalenes
摘要:
Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) are known to be emitted from municipal waste incinerators (MWIs) with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs). Two formation paths for PCDD/Fs could mainly work, which are condensation of the precursors such as chlorophenols and "de novo" formation from carbon. However the correlation between the chemical structure of carbon and the resulting PCDD/Fs still remains unknown. In this study, the PCDD/Fs formation from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and CuCl was examined at 400 under 10% O-2. Coronene among the PAHs characteristically gave 1,2,8,9-T4CDF and the derivatives. These isomers clearly indicate that chlorination causes the cleavage of the C-C bonds in a coronene molecule and also that oxygen is easily incorporated from its outside to form 1,2,8,9-T4CDF. The symmetrical preformed structures in the coronene molecule enabled to amplify the de novo formation of the isomer. PCNs are also formed directly from these PAHs. Since there have been few reports on the formation mechanism of PCNs, this study will be a first step to know the whole formation paths. We also define the de novo synthesis as the breakdown reaction of a carbon matrix, since the word has been used without the precise definition.
由于在有机电子,自旋电子学和等离激元学中有潜在的应用,在过去的十年中,长的并烷(曲折形石墨烯纳米带中最窄的)领域引起了人们的极大兴趣。然而,这些化合物的低溶解度和高反应性迄今为止阻碍了它们的大规模制备。我们在这里报告了一种简洁的策略,该方法通过将芳烃与受保护的四烯酮进行Diels-Alder缩合来合成高级并烷烃。通过缩酮的裂解脱保护后,所获得的单酮前体在155至205°C的中等温度下,通过定量的固态变质热脱羰反应,干净地生成了相应的苯乙炔。该方法可以制备庚烯,苯并[ a ]己烯,顺式反式和反式二苯并戊并烯,为合成更大的并苯提供了一种有价值的新方法。
Clar, Chemische Berichte, 1943, vol. 76, p. 257,262
作者:Clar
DOI:——
日期:——
Clar; John; Avenarius, Chemische Berichte, 1939, vol. 72, p. 2139,2145
作者:Clar、John、Avenarius
DOI:——
日期:——
Diels-Alder reactivity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. 1. Acenes and benzologs
作者:D. Biermann、W. Schmidt
DOI:10.1021/ja00529a046
日期:1980.4
A Practical General Method for the Preparation of Long Acenes
作者:Andrej Jancarik、Gaspard Levet、André Gourdon
DOI:10.1002/chem.201805975
日期:2019.2.11
past decade because of its potential applications in organic electronics, spintronics and plasmonics. However the low solubility and high reactivity of these compounds has so far hindered their preparation on large scales. We report here a concise strategy for the synthesis of higher acenes through Diels–Alder condensation of arynes with a protected tetraene ketone. After deprotection by cleavage of
由于在有机电子,自旋电子学和等离激元学中有潜在的应用,在过去的十年中,长的并烷(曲折形石墨烯纳米带中最窄的)领域引起了人们的极大兴趣。然而,这些化合物的低溶解度和高反应性迄今为止阻碍了它们的大规模制备。我们在这里报告了一种简洁的策略,该方法通过将芳烃与受保护的四烯酮进行Diels-Alder缩合来合成高级并烷烃。通过缩酮的裂解脱保护后,所获得的单酮前体在155至205°C的中等温度下,通过定量的固态变质热脱羰反应,干净地生成了相应的苯乙炔。该方法可以制备庚烯,苯并[ a ]己烯,顺式反式和反式二苯并戊并烯,为合成更大的并苯提供了一种有价值的新方法。
De Novo Synthesis Mechanism of Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans from Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and the Characteristic Isomers of Polychlorinated Naphthalenes
作者:F. Iino、T. Imagawa、M. Takeuchi、M. Sadakata
DOI:10.1021/es980857k
日期:1999.4.1
Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) are known to be emitted from municipal waste incinerators (MWIs) with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs). Two formation paths for PCDD/Fs could mainly work, which are condensation of the precursors such as chlorophenols and "de novo" formation from carbon. However the correlation between the chemical structure of carbon and the resulting PCDD/Fs still remains unknown. In this study, the PCDD/Fs formation from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and CuCl was examined at 400 under 10% O-2. Coronene among the PAHs characteristically gave 1,2,8,9-T4CDF and the derivatives. These isomers clearly indicate that chlorination causes the cleavage of the C-C bonds in a coronene molecule and also that oxygen is easily incorporated from its outside to form 1,2,8,9-T4CDF. The symmetrical preformed structures in the coronene molecule enabled to amplify the de novo formation of the isomer. PCNs are also formed directly from these PAHs. Since there have been few reports on the formation mechanism of PCNs, this study will be a first step to know the whole formation paths. We also define the de novo synthesis as the breakdown reaction of a carbon matrix, since the word has been used without the precise definition.