OPTICAL COMPONENT FORMING COMPOSITION AND CURED PRODUCT THEREOF
申请人:Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.
公开号:US20210055651A1
公开(公告)日:2021-02-25
An optical component forming composition is provided containing a compound represented by the following formula (1):
[L
x
Te(OR
1
)
y
] (1)
wherein:
L is a ligand other than OR
1
;
R
1
is any of: a hydrogen atom; a substituted or unsubstituted, linear alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms; a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms; and a substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
x is an integer of 0 to 6;
y is an integer of 0 to 6;
a sum of x and y is 1 to 6;
when x is 2 or more, a plurality of L may be the same or different; and
when y is 2 or more, a plurality of R
1
may be the same or different.
The Economics of Erosion and Sustainable Practices: The Case of the Saint-Esprit Watershed
作者:Jean-Christophe Dissart、Laurie Baker、Paul J. Thomassin
DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7976.2000.tb00269.x
日期:2000.7
This paper examines the economics of the adoption of sustainable production practices for soil erosion control. The research was conducted on three case farms within the Saint‐Esprit watershed in Quebec using a two‐stage process. The first stage involved the use of GIS (Geographical Information Systems) to record erosion characteristics (slope, etc.) for these farmers'fields. This erosion information was then included as input information in the second stage of the process. Mixed integer linear programming (MILP) was used to model both individual farms and the watershed. Increasing erosion constraints were applied to these models to investigate changes in crop production mixes for farms and the watershed. A comparison of the results (farms versus watershed) was used to investigate policy questions concerning an optimal erosion constraint for society. Results generated indicate that farms with higher net incomes would be advantaged by erosion constraints set at the watershed level, whereas farms with lower net revenues would be disadvantaged. Thus, trading of pollution permits could be encouraged.Cet article examine les aspects économiques de l'adoption de pratiques de production durables visant a réduire l'érosion du sol. La recherche fut effectuée sur trois fermes situées dans le has sin du Saint‐Esprit au Québec, et impliqua un processus à deux étapes. Le premier étape consiste en l'utilisation du systéme d'informations géographiques “ SIG ” afin de noter les caractéristiques de l'érosion (pente, etc.) dans ces champs agricoles. Ces renseignements servirent de données au sein du deuxième étape. La méthode de programmation linéaire à nombres entiers mixtes fut employée afin de modéliser les fermes individuelles, ainsi que le bassin. Ensuite, les contraintes d‘érosion furent appliquées sur ces modèles de manière croissante, et ce afin d'étudier les changements dans le melange des productions de cultures pour les fermes et le bassin. Une comparaison des résultats (fermes vs. bassin) fut accomplie pour examiner les questions de politiques pouvant mener à une contrainte d‘érosion optimale pour la société. Les résultats obtenus démontrent que les fermes ayant des revenus nets élevés seraient avantagées par des contraintes d'érosion établies au niveau du bassin, tandis que les fermes aux revenus nets plus bas en seraient désavantagées. En conséquence, l'échange de permis de pollution est recommandé.
Mehrotra,R.C.; Mathur,S.N., Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 1965, vol. 42, p. 1 - 4
作者:Mehrotra,R.C.、Mathur,S.N.
DOI:——
日期:——
TW2020/3533
申请人:——
公开号:——
公开(公告)日:——
Mehrotra,R.C.; Mathur,S.A., Indian Journal of Chemistry, 1967, vol. 5, p. 206 - 208