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碘化铑 | 15492-38-3

中文名称
碘化铑
中文别名
三碘化铑;碘化铑(III)
英文名称
rhodium triiodide
英文别名
rhodium(III) iodide;rhodium iodide;triiodorhodium
碘化铑化学式
CAS
15492-38-3
化学式
I3Rh
mdl
——
分子量
483.619
InChiKey
KXAHUXSHRWNTOD-UHFFFAOYSA-K
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 密度:
    6.400
  • 暴露限值:
    ACGIH: TWA 0.01 mg/m3; TWA 1 mg/m3NIOSH: IDLH 2 mg/m3; IDLH 100 mg/m3; TWA 0.001 mg/m3; TWA 0.1 mg/m3
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    在常温常压下稳定,应避免与水分、潮湿、氧化物和酸接触。这是一种黑色的固体,属于单斜晶系,结晶结构类似AlCl3。其密度为6.65 g/cm³,在675℃开始分解。

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -8.99
  • 重原子数:
    4
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    0
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    3

安全信息

  • TSCA:
    Yes
  • 安全说明:
    S22,S24/25
  • 海关编码:
    2827600000
  • WGK Germany:
    3
  • RTECS号:
    YU7300000
  • 包装等级:
    I; II; III
  • 危险性防范说明:
    P280,P305+P351+P338
  • 危险性描述:
    H317,H319
  • 储存条件:
    常温密闭避光、通风干燥的惰性气体环境中保存。

SDS

SDS:b6a8626f1c1e487510feb4fadd466302
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Section 1: Product Identification
Chemical Name: Rhodium (III) iodide (99.9+%-Rh)
CAS Registry Number: 15492-38-3
Formula: RhI3
EINECS Number: 239-521-5
Chemical Family: metal halide
Synonym: Rhodium triiodide

Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients
Ingredient CAS Number Percent ACGIH (TWA) OSHA (PEL)
Title Compound 15492-38-3 100% 0.01mg/m3 (as Rh 0.001mg/m3 (as Rh

Section 3: Hazards Identification
Irritating to the respiratory tract. May be harmful if swallowed. Prolonged exposure to iodide salts may
Emergency Overview:
produce a mild toxic syndrome known as iodism.
Primary Routes of Exposure: Contact with skin and eyes. Inhalation of dust.
Eye Contact: Contact with eyes causes irritation, redness, and pain.
Skin Contact: Causes irritation to skin. Symptoms include redness, itching, and pain, pimples, boils, hives and blisters.
Inhalation: Causes irritation to the respiratory tract. Symptoms may include coughing and shortness of breath.
Ingestion: Large oral doses may cause irritation to the gastrointestinal tract
Acute Health Affects: Irritating to skin, eyes and respiratory tract.
Chronic ingestion of iodides may produce iodism. Symptoms include skin rash, running nose, headache and
Chronic Health Affects:
irritation of mucous membranes.
NTP: No
IARC: No
OSHA: No

SECTION 4: First Aid Measures
Immediately flush the eyes with copious amounts of water for at least 10-15 minutes. A victim may need
Eye Exposure:
assistance in keeping their eye lids open. Get immediate medical attention.
Wash the affected area with water. Remove contaminated clothes if necessary. Seek medical assistance if
Skin Exposure:
irritation persists.
Remove the victim to fresh air. Closely monitor the victim for signs of respiratory problems, such as difficulty
Inhalation:
in breathing, coughing, wheezing, or pain. In such cases seek immediate medical assistance.
Seek medical attention immediately. Keep the victim calm. Give the victim water (only if conscious). Induce
Ingestion:
vomiting only if directed by medical personnel.

SECTION 5: Fire Fighting Measures
Flash Point: not applicable
Autoignition Temperature: none
Explosion Limits: none
Extinguishing Medium: none required
Special Fire Fighting Procedures: No special fire fighting procedures required.
Hazardous Combustion and none
Decomposion Products:
Unusual Fire or Explosion Hazards: No unusual fire or explosion hazards.

SECTION 6: Accidental Release Measures
To avoid raising dust, small spills may be mixed with diatomaceous earth, sand, vermiculite or other suitable
Spill and Leak Procedures:
inert material and swept up.

SECTION 7: Handling and Storage
Handling and Storage: Store solid in a tightly sealed container.

SECTION 8: Exposure Controls and Personal Protection
Eye Protection: Always wear approved safety glasses when handling a chemical substance in the laboratory.
Skin Protection: Wear appropriate chemical resistant gloves and protective clothing.
Ventilation: If possible, handle the material in an efficient fume hood.
If in form of fine dust and ventilation is not available a respirator should be worn. The use of respirators
Respirator:
requires a Respirator Protection Program to be in compliance with 29 CFR 1910.134.
Ventilation: If possible, handle the material in an efficient fume hood.
Additional Protection: No additional protection required.

SECTION 9: Physical and Chemical Properties
Color and Form: black pwdr.
Molecular Weight: 483.62
Melting Point: no data
Boiling Point: no data
Vapor Pressure: no data
Specific Gravity: no data
Odor: none
Solubility in Water: slightly soluble

SECTION 10: Stability and Reactivity
Stability: hygroscopic
Hazardous Polymerization: no hazardous polymerization
Conditions to Avoid: contact with moisture
Incompatibility: halogens, hydrogen peroxide, chlorates and hypochlorites and active metals
Decomposition Products: none

SECTION 11: Toxicological Information
RTECS Data: No information available in the RTECS files.
Carcinogenic Effects: no data
Mutagenic Effects: no data
Tetratogenic Effects: no data

SECTION 12: Ecological Information
Ecological Information: No information available

SECTION 13: Disposal Considerations
Disposal: Dispose of according to local, state and federal regulations.

SECTION 14: Transportation
Shipping Name (CFR): Non-hazardous
Hazard Class (CFR): NA
Additional Hazard Class (CFR): NA
Packaging Group (CFR): NA
UN ID Number (CFR): NA
Shipping Name (IATA): Non-hazardous
Hazard Class (IATA): NA
Additional Hazard Class (IATA): NA
Packaging Group (IATA): NA
UN ID Number (IATA): NA

SECTION 15: Regulatory Information
TSCA: Listed in the TSCA inventory
SARA (Title 313): Title compound not listed
Second Ingredient: none


SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

制备方法与用途

三碘化铑(RhI₃) 用途

三碘化铑(RhI₃)是一种黑色晶体粉末,其中Rh含量为19.5~21.3%,在空气中易潮解。它主要用作羰基化合成反应的催化剂,在合成醋酸、醋酐、乙二醇等反应中发挥重要作用。

制备

CN201010153085.9 公开了一种制备羰化碘化铑溶液的方法,包括以下步骤:

  1. 脱水和羰化:将固体三碘化铑与无水醋酸投入高压釜中。通入一氧化碳后,开始搅拌并升温至80-140℃,同时调节高压釜压力为0.5-1.0MPa,在此条件下继续搅拌0-4小时。
  2. 溶解:使用泵将液体加入反应釜,并持续搅拌20-60分钟以获得铑浓度高于2000ppm的羰化碘化铑溶液。按照该方法,可以在短时间内得到铑浓度在2000-5000ppm之间的羰化碘化铑溶液。
概述

碘化铑是一种黑色晶体,在常温常压下较为稳定,但在675℃时开始发生分解。目前常见的合成方法主要有溶液合成法和直接合成法。它常作为羰基合成的主催化剂,特别适用于醋酸和醋酐的合成。

理化性质

三碘化铑是一种黑色固体,呈单斜晶系结晶结构,密度为665g/cm³。在常温下较为稳定,但在675℃以上开始分解,并具有吸湿性。它能溶于酒精、水和丙酮中。

制备方法
  1. 直接合成法:利用碘在引发剂作用下形成碘游离基的特性,使铑粉与碘粉直接反应生成碘化铑。反应方程式为 2Rh + 3I₂ = 2RhI₃。

    • 操作步骤如下: 将铑粉、碘粉和引发剂(优选异丙苯过氧化氢,用量0.3%)按比例加入到反应器中并密封。将混合物放入马弗炉中升温至指定温度并维持一定时间,以使铑与碘充分反应。降温后取出黑色生成物,并加热至90℃并恒温一段时间直至恒重为止。冷却后用醋酸溶解反应后的产物,减压蒸出醋酸即可得到黑色的碘化铑固体。
  2. 溶液合成法:将三氯化铑溶于水中,加入适量的碘化钾或氢碘酸,并在一定温度下进行3小时的反应。

    • 反应方程式为 RhCl₃ + 3KI / HI = RhI₃↓ + 3KCl/ HCl。
  3. 新合成法:将2g铑粉和100mL复合溶剂R101(由无机酸类和引发剂组成)加入反应釜,缓慢加热直至釜内温度升至要求值时保持回流2小时。待金属完全溶解后转移至旋转蒸发器中,回收并循环使用溶剂。在剩余少量液体中加入碘化钾,在80℃恒温下反应0.5小时。经过冷却结晶、过滤、洗涤和干燥步骤后,即可得到黑色固体粉末的碘化铑。

质量规格
  • 铑(Rh)含量:≥21.3%
  • 铁(Fe)含量:≤0.005%
  • 硝酸盐(NO₃⁻)含量:≤0.005%
用途

三碘化铑作为羰基合成的主催化剂,特别适用于醋酸和醋酐的合成。上述概述、理化性质及制备方法由Chemicalbook的丁红编辑整理(2015-12-21)。

生产方法:金属铑粉与I₂在400℃下反应可以生成结晶态的碘化铑;若向RhCl₃溶液中加入KI溶液,则会生成无定形的RhI₃沉淀。

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    碘化铑 、 potassium iodide 作用下, 以 not given 为溶剂, 生成 triamminetriiodorhodium
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Tschugaeff, L., Bulletin de la Societe Chimique de France, 1919, vol. 25, p. 236 - 236
    摘要:
    DOI:
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    [Rh(CO)2(μ-I)]2 在 氢碘酸 作用下, 以 甲醇 为溶剂, 生成 碘化铑
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Ion-pairing in salts of [Rh(CO)2I2]−
    摘要:
    DOI:
    10.1016/0022-328x(89)87194-3
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    alpha-甲基-4-(2-甲基丙基)-苯甲醇对异丁基苯乙烯1,4-二氧六环碘化铑 作用下, 以α-(4-isobutylphenyl)-propionic acid was formed only in a trace amount的产率得到布洛芬
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Process for preparing .alpha.-phenylpropionic acid derivative
    摘要:
    一种制备α-苯基丙酸衍生物的方法,其中α-苯乙醇衍生物在催化剂存在下与一氧化碳反应,以给出α-苯基丙酸衍生物,包括以下任一方法(I)、(II)和(III)中的任意一种进行反应:(I) 在存在铑催化剂的情况下进行反应,催化剂与碘化物一起加入,使Rh:I的比例为1:0.5到1:6的原子比;将反应混合物中的水浓度调整到2mol/L以下;并采用130℃以下的反应温度,(II) 采用碳氢化合物和含氧有机化合物的混合物作为溶剂,或(III) 在存在铑催化剂和碘化物的情况下进行反应;可选地加入水和含氧有机溶剂作为萃取溶剂到反应混合物中,从而将其分离成两层,即含有反应产物的层和水层;并重复使用所含铑催化剂的水层。
    公开号:
    US05091563A1
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文献信息

  • Synthesis and characterisation of rhodium(III) complexes containing nitrogen heterocyclic ligands
    作者:A. W. Addison、K. Dawson、R. D. Gillard、B. T. Heaton、H. Shaw
    DOI:10.1039/dt9720000589
    日期:——
    characterisation of complexes of the type trans-[RhL4X2]Y (L = 3 or 4-substituted pyridine, 3,5-disubstituted pyridine, isoquinoline, pyrimidine, pyrazole, thiazole, X = Cl, Br and for L = py I; Y = univalent anion) are described. Using the same catalytic method, N-methylimidazole and ammonia give complexes of the type [RhL5X]2+(X = Cl or Br), whereas 5-chloro- and 5-nitro-N-methylimidazole give complexes
    的类型的络合物的合成和表征的反式- [RHL 4 X 2 ] Y(L = 3或4-取代的吡啶,3,5-二取代吡啶,异喹啉,嘧啶,吡唑,噻唑,X = Cl,Br和用于描述了L = py I; Y =单价阴离子。使用相同的催化方法,N-甲基咪唑和氨生成[RhL 5 X] 2+类型的配合物(X = Cl或Br),而5-氯和5-硝基-N-甲基咪唑生成的反式化合物-[RhL 5 X 2 ] 2+。所有反式-[RhL 4 X2 ] +以及[RhL 5 Cl] 2+(L = N-甲基咪唑)也进行催化取代,并讨论了产物的性质。
  • Cycloserine derivatives as ligands. The coordinating ability of 4,4'-[1,4-Phenylenebis(methylidynenitrilo)]bis(isoxazolidin-3-one) towards chromium(III), ruthenium(III) and rhodium(III) halides
    作者:C Preti、L Tassi、G Tosi、P Zannini、AF Zanoli
    DOI:10.1071/ch9821829
    日期:——

    The complexes of the cycloserine derivative, 4,4'-[1,4-phenylenebis(methylidynenitrilo)]bis(isoxazolidin-3-one) or terizidone, with chromium(III), ruthenium(III) and rhodium(III) have been synthetized; their structures have been suggested on the basis of analytical, conductivity, spectral (visible, infrared and far-infrared) and magnetic data, and the thermal analyses have revealed the extent of coordinated water among the chromium and ruthenium complexes. The various ligand field parameters have been evaluated; the B' values suggest a strong covalency in the metal-ligand σ bond and the Dq values show a medium-strong ligand field. The position and multiplicity of the metal-halogen stretching modes in the far-infrared region have been extensively investigated and discussed; the results are particularly useful in distinguishing between the mer- and fac-isomers in the octahedral compounds of the ML3X3 type. The ligand is monodentate O-bonded or N-bonded through the oxygen of the keto group or through the nitrogen of the imino group of the isoxazole ring. We have never observed a metal-induced cycloserine ring opening under the present experimental conditions.

    合成了环丝氨酸衍生物 4,4'-[1,4-苯基双(甲基亚硝基)]双(异噁唑烷-3-酮)或特立唑酮与铬(III)、钌(III)和铑(III)的络合物。 合成了铬(III)、钌(III)和铑(III)。 根据分析、电导率、光谱(可见光、红外线和远红外线 (根据分析、电导、光谱(可见光、红外和远红外)和磁性数据提出了它们的结构。 热分析揭示了铬和钌络合物中配位水的程度。 钌配合物中配位水的程度。对各种配体场参数进行了评估; B'值表明,金属配体 σ 和钌配体 σ 的共价性很强。 金属配体 σ 键的共价性,而 Dq 值则显示了 Dq 值显示了中等强度的配体场。金属-卤素伸展模式在远红外光谱中的位置和倍数 在远红外区域的金属-卤素伸展模式的位置和多重性进行了广泛的研究和讨论。 和讨论;这些结果特别有助于区分 金属-卤素 和面异构体 尤其有助于区分 ML3X3 型八面体化合物中的子异构体和面异构体。配体 是单价 O 键 或通过酮基中的氧或通过脱氧核糖基中的氮进行 N 键结合。 通过酮基的氧或异噁唑环的亚氨基的氮进行单键 O 键或 N 键结合。 环上的氮键。在目前的实验条件下,我们从未观察到金属诱导的环丝氨酸 开环。
  • Synthesis, properties and structures of complexes of platinum metal halides and Group 11 metals with two distibinomethane ligands, R2SbCH2SbR2 (R = Me or Ph)
    作者:Tina Even、Anthony R. J. Genge、Angela M. Hill、Nicholas J. Holmes、William Levason、Michael Webster
    DOI:10.1039/a908296d
    日期:——
    spectroscopic data contain one chelating and one monodentate dpsm ligand. Palladium(II) and platinum(II) halides form both 1∶1 and 1∶2 complexes with dpsm. The former are dimeric and crystal structures of [M2X4(dpsm)2] (M = Pt, X = Cl or Br; M = Pd, X = Br) revealed a distibine bridged structure with square-planar MX2Sb2 metal centres, one with a cis geometry, the other trans. The structures cis,trans-[X2M(μ-dpsm)2MX2]
    的反应的[Ru(DMF )6 ] [CF 3 SO 3 ] 3,的LiX且Ph 2 SBCH 2灰飞虱2(DPSM),得到反式- [RUX 2(η 1 -dpsm)4 ](X = Cl或Br)或[RUI 2(η 1 -dpsm)2(η 2 -dpsm)]。X射线研究表明,后者含有两个单齿和一个螯合的dpsm配体并且是第一个例子,其中二柏甲烷甲烷的任何金属作为螯合物要在晶体学上进行鉴定。的螯合环是高度应变如图中的锑的Ru-Sb的角度(74.3°)和较长的Ru-Sb的距离比在η 1 -配体。的相应的反应的反式- [OSX 2(DMSO)4 ]和DPSM产生反式- [OSCL 2(η 1 -dpsm)4 ]和[OsBr 2(η 1 -dpsm)2(η 2 -dpsm)]光谱分析确证。RhX 3(X = Cl,Br或I)与dpsm的反应得到[RhX 3(dpsm)2 ],其基于核磁共振 光谱数据包含一种螯合和一种单齿dpsm
  • Syntheses and spectroscopic studies of some platinum group metal complexes with oxazepam as ligand
    作者:Adriano Benedetti、Carlo Preti、Giuseppe Tosi
    DOI:10.1016/0022-2860(84)87050-7
    日期:1984.5
    4-benzodiazepin-2-one are reported. The obtained complexes of the type ML 3 X 3 (M = Rh, Ir) and ML 2 X 2 (M = Pd, Pt) with the exception of the rhodium and palladium iododerivatives which have 1:6 and 1:4 metal:ligand ratios, respectively, have been studied and characterized through vibrational and electronic spectra, 1 H and 13 C NMR studies, conductivity measurements and magnetic susceptibility data.
    摘要 一些铑(III)、铱(III)、钯(II)和铂(II)卤化物与奥沙西泮、7-氯-1,3-二氢-5-苯基-3-羟基-2H络合物的制备和表征报道了 -1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one。获得的 ML 3 X 3 (M = Rh, Ir) 和 ML 2 X 2 (M = Pd, Pt) 类型的配合物,除了具有 1:6 和 1:4 金属:配体的铑和钯碘衍生物已经分别通过振动和电子光谱、 1 H 和 13 C NMR 研究、电导率测量和磁化率数据研究和表征了比率。主要电子吸收峰的波长已根据晶体场理论进行了定量计算,并计算了各种参数。
  • Palladium(II), platinum(II), and rhodium(III) complexes of o-phenylene-bis(diphenylarsine) and (o-diphenylarsinophenyl)diphenylphosphine
    作者:William Levason、Charles A. McAuliffe
    DOI:10.1039/dt9740002238
    日期:——
    Thirty five complexes of o-phenylenebis(diphenylarsine)(pdpa) and (o-diphenylarsinophenyl)diphenylphosphine (padpp) including types [M(L)X2], [ML2][ClO4]2, [M(L)2X2](M = Pd or Pt; L = pdpa or padpp; X = Cl, Br, I, or CNS), and [Pd(pdpa)2X]ClO4 have been prepared. The planar thiocyanates are formulated [Pd(pdpa)(NCS)(SCN)] and [Pt(padpp)(NCS)(SCN)]. In dichloromethane the [Pt(pdpa)(SCN)2] complex partly
    邻苯二双(二苯基ar基)(pdpa)和(邻二苯基ar基苯基)二苯膦(padpp)的三十五种络合物,包括[M(L)X 2 ],[ML 2 ] [ClO 4 ] 2,[M(L)2 X 2 ](M = Pd或Pt; L = pdpa或padpp; X = Cl,Br,I或CNS)和[Pd(pdpa)2 X] ClO 4已经制备。平面硫氰酸酯的配方为[Pd(pdpa)(NCS)(SCN)]和[Pt(padpp)(NCS)(SCN)]。在二氯甲烷中,[Pt(pdpa)(SCN)2 ]络合物部分异构化为[Pt(pdpa)(NCS)(SCN)]。五坐标[PdL 2(NCS)] CNS(L = pdpa或padpp)物质也在溶液中异构化。二氯化氯是平面的,而在溶液中,[M(L)2 X 2 ]络合物主要是五坐标的。加热时,[M(L)2 X 2 ](X = Cl,Br或I)络合物在固态下解离为[M(L)X 2
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