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Nickel cation | 14701-22-5

中文名称
——
中文别名
——
英文名称
Nickel cation
英文别名
nickel(2+)
Nickel cation化学式
CAS
14701-22-5
化学式
Ni+2
mdl
——
分子量
58.693
InChiKey
VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -0.0
  • 重原子数:
    1
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    0
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    0

ADMET

代谢
镍主要通过肺和胃肠吸收。一旦进入人体,它就会进入血液,在那里与白蛋白、L-组氨酸和α2-巨球蛋白结合。镍倾向于积累在肺、甲状腺、肾脏、心脏和肝脏中。吸收的镍通过尿液排出,而未被吸收的镍则通过粪便排出。(L41)
Nickel is absorbed mainly through the lungs and gastrointestinal tract. Once in the body it enters the bloodstream, where it binds to albumin, L-histidine, and α2-macroglobulin. Nickel tends to accumulate in the lungs, thyroid, kidney, heart, and liver. Absorbed nickel is excreted in the urine, whereas unabsorbed nickel is excreted in the faeces. (L41)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
镍已知可以在某些酶中替代其他必需元素,如钙调神经蛋白。它具有基因毒性,一些镍化合物已被证明可以促进细胞增殖。镍对染色质蛋白具有高亲和力,尤其是组蛋白和精蛋白。镍离子与异染色质的结合会导致包括浓缩、DNA过度甲基化、基因沉默以及组蛋白乙酰化抑制等一系列变化,这些都已被证明会干扰基因表达。镍还被证明可以改变包括低氧诱导转录因子、激活转录因子和NF-KB转录因子在内的几个转录因子。还有证据表明,镍离子可以抑制DNA修复,要么直接抑制DNA修复酶,要么与锌离子竞争结合锌指DNA结合蛋白,导致DNA结构变化,阻止修复酶的结合。镍离子还可以与多种细胞配体复合,包括氨基酸、肽和蛋白质,从而产生氧自由基,诱导碱基损伤、DNA链断裂和DNA蛋白质交联。(L41, A40)
Nickel is known to substitute for other essential elements in certain enzmes, such as calcineurin. It is genotoxic, and some nickel compounds have been shown to promote cell proliferation. Nickel has a high affinity for chromatin proteins, particularly histones and protamines. The complexing of nickel ions with heterochromatin results in a number of alterations including condensation, DNA hypermethylation, gene silencing, and inhibition of histone acetylation, which have been shown to disturb gene expression. Nickel has also been shown to alter several transcription factors, including hypoxia-inducible transcription factor, activating transcription factor, and NF-KB transcription factor. There is also evidence that nickel ions inhibit DNA repair, either by directly inhibiting DNA repair enzymes or competing with zinc ions for binding to zinc-finger DNA binding proteins, resulting in structural changes in DNA that prevent repair enzymes from binding. Nickel ions can also complex with a number of cellular ligands including amino acids, peptides, and proteins resulting in the generation of oxygen radicals, which induce base damage, DNA strand breaks, and DNA protein crosslinks. (L41, A40)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 致癌物分类
金属镍可能对人类有致癌性(2B组)。镍化合物对人类有致癌性(1组)。
Metallic nickel is possibly carcinogenic to humons (Group 2B). Nickel compounds are carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). (L135)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 健康影响
镍对人类最常见的有害健康影响是过敏反应。这通常表现为皮疹,尽管有些人会经历哮喘发作。长期吸入镍会导致慢性支气管炎和肺功能下降,以及损害鼻咽腔。过量摄入镍会对胃、血液、肝脏、肾脏和免疫系统造成损害,并且对生殖和发育也有不良影响。
The most common harmful health effect of nickel in humans is an allergic reaction. This usually manifests as a skin rash, although some people experience asthma attacks. Long term inhahation of nickel causes chronic bronchitis and reduced lung function, as well as damage to the naval cavity. Ingestion of excess nickel results in damage to the stomach, blood, liver, kidneys, and immune system, as well as having adverse effects on reproduction and development. (L41)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 暴露途径
口服(L41);吸入(L41);皮肤给药(L41)
Oral (L41) ; inhalation (L41) ; dermal (L41)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 症状
镍中毒的症状包括头痛、恶心、呕吐、眩晕、易怒和睡眠困难,随后可能出现胸痛、出汗、心跳加速和干咳。
Symptoms of nickel poisoning include headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, irritability, and difficulty sleeping, followed by chest pains, sweating, rapid heart beat, and a dry cough. (L42)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

反应信息

  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    Ni(II)-pyridinium-3,5-bisthiocarboxylate mononucleotide 生成 Nickel cation 、 1-(5-O-phosphonato-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)pyridin-1-ium-3,5-dicarbothioate
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Nickel-pincer cofactor biosynthesis involves LarB-catalyzed pyridinium carboxylation and LarE-dependent sacrificial sulfur insertion
    摘要:
    意义

    烟酸是普遍存在的辅因子烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD)和烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(NADP)的前体。先前的研究表明,烟酸对乳酸拉曼化是必需的,这是一种酶活性,使微生物能够产生或使用乳酸的两种异构体。已经证明乳酸拉曼酶(Lar)具有一种烟酸衍生的辅因子,它协调一个镍离子,形成一个钳形配合物。这种辅因子的生物合成需要三种辅助蛋白:LarB、LarC和LarE。在这里,我们通过展示LarB羧化和水解NAD前体烟酸腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NaAD),以及LarE牺牲性地将两个硫原子插入LarB产物中来描述这种生物合成途径。最后,LarC插入镍离子形成成熟的辅因子。

    DOI:
    10.1073/pnas.1600486113
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    4-甲氧基苯乙基溴2-n-Butyl-5-brompyridin盐酸溴化锌Nickel cation 、 silica gel 、 甲苯 作用下, 以 四氢呋喃甲苯 为溶剂, 反应 1.0h, 以gives 5-(p-methoxyphenylethyl)-2-butylpyridine的产率得到5-(p-Methoxyphenylethyl)-2-butylpyridine
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Heterocyclic compounds
    摘要:
    公式为I的杂环化合物 R.sup.1 -A.sup.1 -Z.sup.1 -A.sup.2 -[Z.sup.2 -A.sup.3 ].sub.n -R.sup.2I,其中R.sup.1,R.sup.2,A.sup.1,A.sup.2,A.sup.3,Z.sup.1,Z.sup.2和n在权利要求1中定义,可用作液晶相的组分。
    公开号:
    US04913837A1
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文献信息

  • The biosynthetic pathway of coenzyme F430 in methanogenic and methanotrophic archaea
    作者:Kaiyuan Zheng、Phong D. Ngo、Victoria L. Owens、Xue-peng Yang、Steven O. Mansoorabadi
    DOI:10.1126/science.aag2947
    日期:2016.10.21
    biosynthesis of a nickel-containing tetrapyrrole coenzyme involves a series of five enzymes. Methyl-coenzyme M reductase (MCR) is the key enzyme of methanogenesis and anaerobic methane oxidation. The activity of MCR is dependent on the unique nickel-containing tetrapyrrole known as coenzyme F430. We used comparative genomics to identify the coenzyme F430 biosynthesis (cfb) genes and characterized the
    制造(或分解)甲烷的酶 微生物产甲烷的最后一步酶促步骤,以及微生物甲烷氧化的第一步,依赖于含镍的四吡咯辅酶 F430。因此,任何生物体成功的代谢工程以酶促消耗甲烷也需要适当的机器来合成这种化合物。使用比较基因组学,Zheng 等人。鉴定了几个负责辅酶 F430 生物合成的候选基因。所有后续蛋白质在大肠杆菌中的克隆和表达证实了 sirohydrochlorin 在体外完全转化为成熟的 F430。科学,这个问题 p。339 含镍四吡咯辅酶的生物合成涉及一系列五种酶。甲基辅酶M还原酶(MCR)是产甲烷和厌氧甲烷氧化的关键酶。MCR 的活性取决于称为辅酶 F430 的独特的含镍四吡咯。我们使用比较基因组学来鉴定辅酶 F430 生物合成 (cfb) 基因,并对来自 Methanosarcina acetivorans C2A 的编码酶进行表征。该途径涉及通过镍特异性螯合酶进行镍螯合,然后进行酰胺化以形成
  • Elucidation of the biosynthesis of the methane catalyst coenzyme F430
    作者:Simon J. Moore、Sven T. Sowa、Christopher Schuchardt、Evelyne Deery、Andrew D. Lawrence、José Vazquez Ramos、Susan Billig、Claudia Birkemeyer、Peter T. Chivers、Mark J. Howard、Stephen E. J. Rigby、Gunhild Layer、Martin J. Warren
    DOI:10.1038/nature21427
    日期:2017.3.2
    Methane biogenesis in methanogens is mediated by methyl-coenzyme M reductase, an enzyme that is also responsible for the utilization of methane through anaerobic methane oxidation. The enzyme uses an ancillary factor called coenzyme F430, a nickel-containing modified tetrapyrrole that promotes catalysis through a methyl radical/Ni(ii)-thiolate intermediate. However, it is unclear how coenzyme F430
    产甲烷菌中的甲烷生物发生由甲基辅酶 M 还原酶介导,该酶还负责通过厌氧甲烷氧化利用甲烷。该酶使用称为辅酶 F430 的辅助因子,这是一种含镍改性四吡咯,可通过甲基自由基/Ni(ii)-硫醇盐中间体促进催化。然而,目前尚不清楚辅酶 F430 是如何从共同的始祖尿卟啉原 iii 合成的,将 11 个空间中心结合到大环中,尽管该途径必须涉及螯合、酰胺化、大环还原、内酰胺化和碳环形成。在这里,我们鉴定了催化辅酶 F430 从西罗氢氯酸中生物合成的蛋白质,称为 CfbA-CfbE,并证明了它们的活性。
  • Nickel-pincer cofactor biosynthesis involves LarB-catalyzed pyridinium carboxylation and LarE-dependent sacrificial sulfur insertion
    作者:Benoît Desguin、Patrice Soumillion、Pascal Hols、Robert P. Hausinger
    DOI:10.1073/pnas.1600486113
    日期:2016.5.17
    Significance

    Nicotinic acid is a precursor of the ubiquitous cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). Previous studies revealed that nicotinic acid is required for lactate racemization, an enzymatic activity that enables microorganisms to produce or use both isomers of lactate. Lactate racemase (Lar) was shown to harbor a nicotinic acid-derived cofactor that coordinates a nickel ion, forming a pincer complex. The biosynthesis of this cofactor requires three accessory proteins: LarB, LarC, and LarE. Here, we describe this biosynthetic pathway by showing that LarB carboxylates and hydrolyzes the NAD precursor nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide (NaAD) and LarE sacrificially inserts two sulfur atoms into the product of LarB. Finally, LarC inserts the nickel ion to form the mature cofactor.

    意义

    烟酸是普遍存在的辅因子烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD)和烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(NADP)的前体。先前的研究表明,烟酸对乳酸拉曼化是必需的,这是一种酶活性,使微生物能够产生或使用乳酸的两种异构体。已经证明乳酸拉曼酶(Lar)具有一种烟酸衍生的辅因子,它协调一个镍离子,形成一个钳形配合物。这种辅因子的生物合成需要三种辅助蛋白:LarB、LarC和LarE。在这里,我们通过展示LarB羧化和水解NAD前体烟酸腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NaAD),以及LarE牺牲性地将两个硫原子插入LarB产物中来描述这种生物合成途径。最后,LarC插入镍离子形成成熟的辅因子。

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