三氯化铱 | 10025-83-9

• 物质功能分类: 无机化工 - 无机盐 - 金属卤化物及卤酸盐
• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 过渡金属盐
• 中文名称: 三氯化铱
• 中文别名: 氯化铱；氯化铱(III)
• 英文名称: iridium (III) chloride
• 英文别名: iridium trichloride；iridium chloride；trichloroiridium
• CAS: 10025-83-9
• 化学式: Cl₃Ir
• 分子量: 298.579
• InChiKey: DANYXEHCMQHDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-K

物化性质

• 熔点：
  763 °C(lit.)
• 密度：
  5,3 g/cm3
• 溶解度：
  不溶于水
• 稳定性/保质期：
  α-IrCl3具有类似于AlCl3的结构，是棕色片状固体，在空气中稳定，并且在600℃时会转变为β-IrCl3。虽然β-IrCl3与α-IrCl3具有相似的晶体结构，但金属原子在晶格的八面体空隙中的分布方式有所不同。β-IrCl3呈现深红色，会在763℃分解。此外，还存在一种暗橄榄绿色的变体。IrCl3的密度为5.3克/立方厘米，不溶于水、碱和酸，但在王水中可形成［IrCl］2+。

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.07
• 重原子数：
  4
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

安全信息

• TSCA：
  Yes
• 危险等级：
  8
• 危险品标志：
  Xi
• 安全说明：
  S26,S36
• 危险类别码：
  R36/37/38
• WGK Germany：
  3
• 危险品运输编号：
  UN 1759
• 危险类别：
  8
• 危险标志：
  GHS07
• 危险性描述：
  H319
• 危险性防范说明：
  P305 + P351 + P338
• 储存条件：
  室温和干燥环境下使用。

SDS

Name:	Iridium(III) Chloride Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:	Iridium Muriate
CAS:	10025-83-9

Section 1 - Chemical Product MSDS Name:Iridium(III) Chloride Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:Iridium Muriate

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Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

CAS#	Chemical Name	content	EINECS#
10025-83-9	Iridium(III) Chloride	ca 100	233-044-6

Hazard Symbols: None Listed.
Risk Phrases: None Listed.

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Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Moisture sensitive.The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
May cause eye irritation.
Skin:
May cause skin irritation.
Ingestion:
May cause irritation of the digestive tract. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Inhalation:
May cause respiratory tract irritation. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Chronic:
No information found.

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Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
Eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.
Skin:
Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
Ingestion:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid. Do NOT induce vomiting. If conscious and alert, rinse mouth and drink 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water.
Inhalation:
Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.
Notes to Physician:

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Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
General Information:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Use extinguishing media appropriate to the surrounding fire. Substance is noncombustible.
Extinguishing Media:
Substance is noncombustible; use agent most appropriate to extinguish surrounding fire. Do NOT get water inside containers. Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or appropriate foam.

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Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Avoid generating dusty conditions.
Provide ventilation. Do not get water inside containers.

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Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE
Handling:
Wash thoroughly after handling. Use with adequate ventilation.
Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Do not allow contact with water. Keep from contact with moist air and steam.
Storage:
Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Storage under a nitrogen blanket has been recommended. Store protected from moisture.

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Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
Engineering Controls:
Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low.
Exposure Limits CAS# 10025-83-9: Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators:
A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant respirator use.

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Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Physical State: Crystals
Color: dark brown - grey
Odor: Not available.
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: Not available.
Viscosity: Not available.
Boiling Point: Not available.
Freezing/Melting Point: 763 deg C
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable.
Flash Point: Not applicable.
Explosion Limits, lower: Not available.
Explosion Limits, upper: Not available.
Decomposition Temperature:
Solubility in water:
Specific Gravity/Density:
Molecular Formula: Cl3Ir
Molecular Weight: 298.56

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Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Chemical Stability:
Stable at normal temperatures in tightly closed containers under an inert atmosphere.
Conditions to Avoid:
Incompatible materials, dust generation, moisture, excess heat.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Moisture, strong oxidizing agents.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Hydrogen chloride, chlorine, irritating and toxic fumes and gases.
Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported

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Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
RTECS#:
CAS# 10025-83-9 unlisted.
LD50/LC50:
Not available.
Carcinogenicity:
Iridium(III) Chloride - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.

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Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

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Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations.

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Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION

IATA
Not regulated as a hazardous material.
IMO
Not regulated as a hazardous material.
RID/ADR
Not regulated as a hazardous material.

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Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION

European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: Not available.
Risk Phrases:
Safety Phrases:
S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 28A After contact with skin, wash immediately with
plenty of water.
S 37 Wear suitable gloves.
S 45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek
medical advice immediately (show the label where
possible).
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 10025-83-9: 2
Canada
CAS# 10025-83-9 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 10025-83-9 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 10025-83-9 is listed on the TSCA inventory.

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SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

制备方法与用途

简介

三氯化铱是一种铱的氯化物，通常以水合形式存在。三氯化铱水合物是铱（Ir）最常见的化合物之一，常作为合成其他铱化合物及制备含铱催化剂的初始原料。含铱化合物和催化剂广泛应用于石油化工和有机合成领域。

用途

含铱化合物和催化剂在石油化工和有机合成领域有着广泛应用。例如，在甲醇羰基化制醋酸和醋酐的过程中，大量使用了铱的化合物作为均相催化剂。此外，在加氢催化剂、聚合催化剂以及有机合成等领域中，三氯化铱水合物也是不可或缺的重要化工原料。

制备

铱通常以六氯合铱(IV)酸铵（[NH_4]₂[IrCl₆]\）的形式从铂系元素中分离出来。通过氢气流还原得到海绵状金属铱，再与氯气在300-400 °C下反应生成三氯化铱。它的结构类似于三氯化铑，具有AlCl₃的结构。

另一种制备方法是将水合氧化铱(III)与盐酸共热结晶出三氯化铱的水合物。

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  三氯化铱 在 CO 作用下， 以 neat (no solvent) 为溶剂， 生成
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Gmelin Handbook: Ir: MVol., 5.5, page 54 - 70

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  铱六氟化物 在 二氯甲烷 作用下， 以 二氯甲烷 为溶剂， 生成 三氯化铱
  参考文献：
  名称：

  高氧化态二元过渡金属氟化物作为选择性氟化剂

  摘要：

  高氧化态的过渡金属氟化物是二氯甲烷的选择性氟化剂。那些d 0 ; 电子结构进行氢-氟交换和金属还原，而d n物种进行氯-氟交换。

  DOI：

  10.1039/c39930001429
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  2-溴-6-氟苯甲醛 、 difluorobromomethyl trimethylsilane 在 potassium hydroxide 、 三氯化铱 、 copper(I) bromide 作用下， 以 二氯甲烷 、 水 为溶剂， 以82.6 %的产率得到5-氰基-3-甲基吡啶甲酸钠
  参考文献：
  名称：

  CN116041245

  摘要：

  公开号：

文献信息

• Synthesis and electrochemical study of Pt-based nanoporous materials
  作者：Jingpeng Wang、Peter Holt-Hindle、Duncan MacDonald、Dan F. Thomas、Aicheng Chen

  DOI：10.1016/j.electacta.2008.02.028

  日期：2008.10

  surface areas of these nanoporous Pt-based alloy catalysts are increased by over 68 (Pt–Pd), 69 (Pt–Ru) and 113 (Pt–Ir) fold compared to a polycrystalline Pt electrode. All these synthesized nanoporous electrodes exhibit superb electrocatalytic performance towards electrochemical oxidation of methanol and formic acid. Among the five nanoporous Pt-based electrodes, the Pt–Ir shows the highest peak current

  在目前的工作中，已经通过简便的水热方法在钛基体上直接生长了多种基于Pt的双金属纳米结构材料，包括纳米多孔Pt，Pt-Ru，Pt-Ir，Pt-Pd和Pt-Pb网络。通过扫描电子显微镜，能量色散X射线能谱，X射线光电子能谱，X射线衍射和电化学方法对制成的电极进行表征。与多晶Pt电极相比，这些纳米多孔Pt基合金催化剂的活性表面积增加了68倍以上（Pt–Pd），69（Pt–Ru）和113（Pt–Ir）倍。所有这些合成的纳米孔电极对甲醇和甲酸的电化学氧化均表现出极好的电催化性能。在五个基于Pt的纳米多孔电极中，Pt–Ir在+0处显示出最高的峰值电流密度。50 V，与甲醇氧化的多晶Pt相比，提高68倍，甲酸氧化时提高86倍；而纳米多孔Pt–Pb电极在低电位区域的甲酸氧化催化活性优于其他材料，与+0.15 V的多晶Pt相比，其电流密度提高了280倍。这项研究适用于合成多种双金属和三金属纳米多孔材料，是电
• Enhanced Luminescent Iridium(III) Complexes Bearing Aryltriazole Cyclometallated Ligands
  作者：Sébastien Ladouceur、Daniel Fortin、Eli Zysman-Colman

  DOI：10.1021/ic2014013

  日期：2011.11.21

  2,3-triazoles (atl), made via “Click chemistry” and their incorporation as cyclometallating ligands into new heteroleptic iridium(III) complexes containing diimine (N∧N) ancillary ligands 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) and 4,4′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′-bipyridine (dtBubpy). Depending on decoration, these complexes emit from the yellow to sky blue in acetonitrile (ACN) solution at room temperature (RT). Their emission

  在这里，我们报道了通过“点击化学”制备的4-芳基-1-苄基-1 H -1,2,3-三唑（atl）的合成及其作为环金属化配体并入新的含二亚胺的杂铱（III）络合物中的过程（N ∧ N）的辅助配体2,2'-联吡啶（BPY）和4,4'-二-叔丁基-2,2'-联吡啶（dtBubpy）。根据装饰的不同，这些络合物在室温（RT）的乙腈（ACN）溶液中会从黄色发射到天蓝色。其发射能量稍微蓝移和它们的光致发光量子效率是显着高于类似的高级（25和80％之间）（C ∧ N）2的Ir（N ∧ N）+型配合物，其中C ∧N是装饰的2-苯基吡啶并配体。这种增加的亮度部分是由于存在苄基，其在空间上屏蔽了铱金属中心。两个atl配合物的X射线晶体学分析证实了这一观点。它们的电化学是可逆的，因此使这些配合物适合包含在发光电化学电池（LEEC）中。并行的计算机研究支持了实验结果，并表明，对于本研究包括的所有复合物，最大的占据
• 有机电致发光材料和装置
  申请人：环球展览公司

  公开号：CN105732720B

  公开（公告）日：2020-04-28

  本申请涉及有机电致发光材料和装置。公开了一种组合物，其包括第一化合物。所述第一化合物能够在室温下充当有机发光装置中的磷光发射体；其中所述第一化合物具有至少一个芳环和至少一个取代基R；其中所述至少一个R中的每一者是具有至少两个X原子的有机基团；其中每个X独立地选自由以下组成的群组：Si和Ge；并且其中所述至少一个R中的每一者直接键结到所述芳环中的一者。
• Complexes of 2-diphenylphosphinobenzenethiol and 2-diphenylphosphino-6-trimethylsilylbenzenethiol with rhodium and iridium. Crystal and molecular structures of [IrCl₂(Ph₂PC₆H₄S)(PMePh₂)₂] and [Ir(Ph₂PC₆H₄S)₃]·0.75CH₂Cl₂
  作者：Jonathan R. Dilworth、Canzhong Lu、John R. Miller、Yifan Zheng

  DOI：10.1039/dt9950001957

  日期：——

  isomers in solution with mer and fac P donors. However, with the sterically demanding 2-Ph2P(6-Me3Si)C6H3SH the complexes [MPh2-P(Me3Si)C6H3S}3](M = Rh or Ir) were generated. Their 31P NMR spectra indicate that these are single species with different structures from those of the Ph2PC6H4S complexes. The reaction between [IrCl(CO)(PPh3)2] and the two thiols (HL) yielded the hydride complexes [IrH(CO)L2] the

  [IrCl 3（PMePh 2）3 ]与2-二苯基膦基苯硫醇盐在甲醇中的反应仅产生[IrCl 2（Ph 2 PC 6 H 4 S）（PMePh 2）2 ] 1，而与IrCl 3' [Ir（Ph 2形成PC 6 H 4 S）3 ] 2。已经确定了1和2的晶体结构。他们用mer揭示了关于Ir的八面体几何在这两种情况下，P捐助者的安排。使用[RhCl（PPh 3）3 ]作为前体的类似反应产生了类似的铑络合物，该铑络合物以异构体的混合物形式存在，并带有mer和fac P供体。然而，在空间上要求2-Ph 2 P（6-Me 3 Si）C 6 H 3 SH的配合物[M Ph 2 -P（Me 3 Si）C 6 H 3 S} 3 ]（M = Rh或Ir）产生。它们的31 P NMR光谱表明，这些是具有不同于Ph 2 PC 6结构的单一物种。H 4 S配合物。[IrCl（CO）（PPh 3）2 ]和两种硫醇
• Configurationally Stable Longitudinally Twisted Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
  作者：Robert S. Walters、Christina M. Kraml、Neal Byrne、Douglas M. Ho、Qian Qin、Frederick J. Coughlin、Stefan Bernhard、Robert A. Pascal

  DOI：10.1021/ja806958x

  日期：2008.12.3

  small ([alpha]D(25) = -23 and +23 degrees). Computational studies suggest that the latter result is due to presence of a minor conformation of 13 possessing a larger rotation of opposite sign than the major conformation. Both 7 and 13 showed strong circular dichroism and moderately strong circularly polarized luminescence. A byproduct of these syntheses was 9,10,19,21-tetraphenyldiphenanthro[9,10-b:9

  研究了两种合成构型稳定的扭曲多环芳族化合物 (PAC) 的策略。第一种方法采用不对称定位的 1-萘基取代基来偏置高度取代的 PAC 中的扭曲方向。制备了 2,3-双 (1-萘基)-1,4-二苯基三亚苯基 (7)，并通过制备型超临界流体色谱 (SFC) 在手性载体上拆分其内消旋顺式二萘基和对映异构反式二萘基异构体。类似地，制备了高度扭曲的 9,10,11,12,13,14-六苯基苯并 [b] 三亚苯基 (2) 的几种萘基取代衍生物。其中，10-(1-萘基)-9,11,12,14-四苯基苯并[b]三亚苯基(13) 在手性载体上通过 SFC 进行拆分。trans-7的纯对映异构体显示出中等大的比旋度(αD(25)=-330和+320度)，但 13 的对映异构体的比旋光度出乎意料地小(αD(25)＝-23和+23度)。计算研究表明，后一个结果是由于存在 13 的次要构象，其具有比主要构象更大的相反