[EN] NOVEL GEMINI SURFACTANTS AND THEIR USE<br/>[FR] NOUVEAUX TENSIOACTIFS GÉMINI ET LEUR UTILISATION
申请人:EMPIRE TECHNOLOGY DEV LLC
公开号:WO2015084304A1
公开(公告)日:2015-06-11
Disclosed herein are gemini surfactants, and methods for making and using these gemini surfactants. These gemini surfactants may be incorporated in paints and coatings to provide hydrophilic and/or self-cleaning properties. Surfactants are compounds composed of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic or lipophilic groups. In view of their dual hydrophilic and hydrophobic nature, surfactants tend to concentrate at the interfaces of aqueous mixtures; the hydrophilic part of the surfactant orients itself towards the aqueous phase and the hydrophobic part orients itself away from the aqueous phase.
Quantitative and qualitative<sup>1</sup>H, <sup>13</sup>C, and<sup>15</sup>N NMR spectroscopic investigation of the urea-formaldehyde resin synthesis
作者:Oliver Steinhof、Éléonore J. Kibrik、Günter Scherr、Hans Hasse
DOI:10.1002/mrc.4044
日期:2014.4
work contributes to its elucidation by presenting results from detailed NMR spectroscopic studies with different methods. Besides1H NMRand13C NMR,15N NMR spectroscopy is also applied.15N‐enriched urea was used for the investigations. A detailed NMR signal assignment and a model of the reaction network of the hydroxymethylation step of the synthesis are presented. Because of its higher spectral dispersion
Canonical chemical theories exemplified by the methylolation of urea and melamine
作者:Taddesse Gebregiorgis、Manfred Gordon
DOI:10.1039/f19848000359
日期:——
Old and recent data on equilibria and kinetics of methylolation of urea and melamine are analysed. The theoretical framework affords a sequence, claimed to be canonical, of successive phenomenological approximations. The theory, expounded earlier, begins with two successive schemes whose essentials go back to early work by Pauling and by Flory. The two stages here suffice to show that all the data