A process for the colouration of a substrate comprises
(1) applying thereto in an aqueous medium each of
(i) a water soluble dye having at least two electrophilic groups each capable of reaction with a respective amino group and
(ii) a nucleophilic agent having a molecular weight below 600 and at least two aliphatic amino groups so as to be thereby capable of reaction with the said water-soluble dye at a pH and temperature at which the electrophilic groups and amino groups are capable of reaction with one another but the dye does not react to a significant extent with the substrate before it reacts with the nucleophilic agent,
(2) allowing the said dye and nucleophilic agent to react with one another and thereafter
(3) increasing at least one of the pH and temperature to exhaust the dye onto the substrate,
the said nucleophilic agent being selected from the following species:
(a) a nucleophilic agent having two aliphatic primary amino groups and no secondary aliphatic amino groups;
(b) a nucleophilic agent having three aliphatic primary amino groups and no secondary aliphatic amino groups;
(C) a nucleophilic agent having one aliphatic primary amino group and one secondary aliphatic amino group;
(d) a nucleophilic agent having two aliphatic primary amino groups and one aliphatic secondary amino group; and
(e) a nucleophilic agent having at least two aliphatic secondary amino groups selected from HO(CH2CH2NH)2CH2CH2OH, HO2CCH2NHCH2CH2NHCH2CO2H, PhCH2NHCH2CH2NHCH2Ph, (-NHCH2CH2-)3,4 or 5, piperazine, 2-methylpiperazine, 2,5- and 2,6-dimethylpiperazine, H2N(CH2CH2NH)nH wherein n is 3,4 or 5, CH3NHCH2CH2NHCH3, (-NHCH2CH2CH2-)4, 1,4,7,10,13-(6-hexaazacyclooctadecane), (CH3O)3Si(CH2CH2NH)2CH2CH2CO2CH3 and (CH3O)3Si(CH2CH2NH)2CH2CH2NH2.
底材着色工艺包括
(1) 在
水性介质中将以下各项应用于基质
(i) 至少有两个亲电基团的
水溶性
染料,每个亲电基团都能与各自的
氨基反应, 以及
(ii) 一种亲核剂,其分子量低于 600,并至少有两个脂肪族
氨基,从而能与上述
水溶性
染料在一定的 pH 值和温度下反应,在该 pH 值和温度下,亲电基团和
氨基能相互反应,但
染料在与亲核剂反应之前不会与基质发生很大程度的反应、
(2) 让上述
染料和亲核剂相互反应,然后
(3) 提高 pH 值和温度中的至少一个值,以将
染料排到基底上、
所述亲核剂选自以下种类:
(a) 具有两个脂肪族伯
氨基而无仲脂肪族
氨基的亲核剂;
(b) 具有三个脂肪族伯
氨基且无仲脂肪族
氨基的亲核剂;
(C) 具有一个脂肪族伯
氨基和一个仲脂肪族
氨基的亲核剂;
(d) 具有两个脂肪族伯
氨基和一个脂肪族仲
氨基的亲核剂;以及
(e) 具有至少两个脂肪族仲
氨基的亲核剂,选自 HO(CH2C H)2CH2CH2OH、HO2CC HCH2C HCH2CO2H、PhC HCH2C HCH2Ph、(-NHCH2CH2-)3、4 或 5、
哌嗪、
2-甲基哌嗪、2,5-和
2,6-二甲基哌嗪,
H2N(CH2C H)nH(其中 n 为 3、4 或 5), CH3NHCH2C HCH3, (-NHCH2CH2CH2-)4、1,4,7,10,13-(6-六
氮杂环十八烷)、(
CH3O)3Si(CH2C H)2CH2CH2CO2CH3 和 ( )3Si(CH2C H)2CH2C H2。