Syntheses and Biological Evaluation of Costunolide, Parthenolide, and Their Fluorinated Analogues
摘要:
Inspired by the biosynthesis of sesquiterpene lactones (SLs), herein we report the asymmetric total synthesis of the germacrane ring (24). The synthetic strategy features a selective aldol reaction between beta,gamma-unsaturated chiral sulfonylamide 15a and aldehyde 13, as well as the intramolecular alpha-alkylation of sulfone 21 to construct a 10-membered carbocylic ring. The key intermediate 24 can be used to prepare the natural products costunolide and parthenolide (PTL), which are the key precursors for transformation into other SLs. Furthermore, the described synthetic sequences are amenable to the total synthesis of SL analogues, such as trifluoro-methylated analogues 32 and 45. Analogues 32 and 45 maintained high activities against a series of cancer cell lines compared to their parent PTL and costunolide, respectively. In addition, 32 showed enhanced tolerance to acidic media compared with PTL. To our surprise, PTL and 32 showed comparable half-lives in rat plasma and in the presence of human liver microsomes.
Syntheses and Biological Evaluation of Costunolide, Parthenolide, and Their Fluorinated Analogues
摘要:
Inspired by the biosynthesis of sesquiterpene lactones (SLs), herein we report the asymmetric total synthesis of the germacrane ring (24). The synthetic strategy features a selective aldol reaction between beta,gamma-unsaturated chiral sulfonylamide 15a and aldehyde 13, as well as the intramolecular alpha-alkylation of sulfone 21 to construct a 10-membered carbocylic ring. The key intermediate 24 can be used to prepare the natural products costunolide and parthenolide (PTL), which are the key precursors for transformation into other SLs. Furthermore, the described synthetic sequences are amenable to the total synthesis of SL analogues, such as trifluoro-methylated analogues 32 and 45. Analogues 32 and 45 maintained high activities against a series of cancer cell lines compared to their parent PTL and costunolide, respectively. In addition, 32 showed enhanced tolerance to acidic media compared with PTL. To our surprise, PTL and 32 showed comparable half-lives in rat plasma and in the presence of human liver microsomes.
Efficient One-to-One Coupling of Easily Available 1,3-Dienes with Carbon Dioxide
作者:Jun Takaya、Kota Sasano、Nobuharu Iwasawa
DOI:10.1021/ol2002094
日期:2011.4.1
reaction of atmospheric pressure carbon dioxide with 1,3-dienes is realized for the first time through PSiP-pincer type palladium-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation. The reaction is applicable to various 1,3-dienes including easily available chemical feedstock such as 1,3-butadiene and isoprene. This protocol affords a highly useful method for the synthesis of β,γ-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives from