α-Aminonitriles with a mono- or unsubstituted amino group as well as α-(alkylideneamino)nitriles can be employed as easily accessible α-aminocarbanion equivalents. Their α-deprotonation yields stabilized carbanions, which undergo smooth 1,4-addition to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. The resulting δ-keto-α-aminonitriles can be reductively cyclized to form polysubstituted pyrrolidines.
具有单取代或无取代
氨基的α-
氨基腈以及α-(亚烷基
氨基)腈可作为易于获得的α-
氨基碳负离子等价物。它们的α-去质子作用产生稳定化的碳负离子,这些碳负离子能够顺滑地进行1,4-加成到α,β-不饱和羰基化合物上。所得到的δ-酮基α-
氨基腈可通过还原环化反应形成多取代的
吡咯烷类化合物。