Asymmetric synthesis and metalation of a binaphthylcyclopentadiene, a C2-symmetric chiral cyclopentadiene
摘要:
The binaphthylcyclopentadiene 5, abbreviated Binap-Cp, is a C2-symmetric annulated cyclopentadiene possessing axial chirality. This diene is efficiently prepared in four steps via (1) the asymmetric coupling of 1-bromo-2-methylnaphthalene (6) with 1-(bromomagnesio)-2-methylnaphthalene (16) in the presence of catalytic amounts of nickel bromide and the chiral phosphine, (R)-1-[(S)-2-(diphenylphosphino)-ferrocenyl]ethyl methyl ether; (2) bromination of enantiomerically enriched 2,2'-dimethyl-1,1'-binaphthalene (17) with N-bromosuccinimide; (3) bisalkylation of cyclopentadiene to form the spiro-annulated binaphthylcyclopentadiene 15; and (4) sigmatropic rearrangement in toluene at 220-degrees-C to yield the fused diene 5. The enantiomeric purity of 5 was confirmed with the use of a chiral lanthanide H-1 NMR shift reagent. The cyclopentadiene 5 was metalated to form the following complexes: the bis(Binap-Cp)dichlorotitanium 19, the bis(Binap-Cp)dichlorozirconium 22, the (Binap-Cp)dicarbonyliodoiron 26, and the (Binap-Cp)dicarbonylmethyliron 27. All complexes were identified by their spectral and physical data. The structure of the bis(Binap-Cp)dichlorotitanium complex 19 was determined by X-ray crystallography (1:1 racemic complex:hexane crystallized in the C2/c space group, a - 29.611 angstrom, b = 10.902 angstrom, c = 15.868 angstrom, beta = 108.41-degrees, d = 1.101 (calcd, Z = 4) g cm-3). The structure was resolved by direct methods and refined by least squares to R = 4.5% (R(w) = 5.7%). The C2-symmetrical nature of the complex was apparent from the 2-fold axis passing through the titanium.
A Tunable Class of Chiral Cp Ligands for Enantioselective Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed C–H Allylations of Benzamides
作者:Baihua Ye、Nicolai Cramer
DOI:10.1021/ja311956k
日期:2013.1.16
The lack of robust and tunable chiral versions of cyclopentadienyl (Cp) ligands hampers progress in the development of catalytic asymmetric versions of a myriad of reactions catalyzed by this ubiquitous ligand. Herein, we describe of a class of chiral Cp ligands with tunable steric parameters. Coordinated to transition metals, the ligand creates a well-defined chiral pocket, able to imprint its chirality onto the metal. The corresponding Rh complexes are shown to be excellent catalysts for enantioselective allylation of N-methoxybenzamides via directed C-H functionalizations at very mild conditions. The obtained enantioselectivities are excellent and demonstrate the viability of chiral Cp complexes as selective transition metal catalysts.
Enantioselective C–H Bond Addition of Pyridines to Alkenes Catalyzed by Chiral Half-Sandwich Rare-Earth Complexes
作者:Guoyong Song、Wylie W. N. O、Zhaomin Hou
DOI:10.1021/ja504995f
日期:2014.9.3
Cationic half-sandwich scandium alkyl complexes bearing monocyclopentadienyl ligands embedded in chiral binaphthyl backbones act as excellent catalysts for the enantioselective C-H bond addition of pyridines to various 1-alkenes, leading to formation of a variety of enantioenriched alkylated pyridine derivatives in high yields and excellent enantioselectivity (up to 98:2 er).
Bis(binaphthylcyclopentadienyl)-derived metallocene peroxide complexes: Catalysts for the enantioselective epoxidation of unfunctionalized alkenes
作者:Steven L. Colletti、Ronald L. Halterman
DOI:10.1016/0022-328x(93)80387-q
日期:1993.8
The enantioselective catalytic epoxidation of unfunctionalized alkyl and aryl olefins was conducted using titanocene and niobocene peroxide complexes incorporating a C2-symmetrical binaphthylcyclopentadienyl ligand (BpDMCp). Enantiomeric excesses up to 20% and activities up to 55 turnovers were obtained with the application of our chiral bis(binaphthylcyclopen-tadienyl)-derived metallocenes. A significant decrease in the enantioselectivity for the epoxidation of trans-3-hexene was observed when the metal was changed from titanium to niobium in these binaphthyl-derived C2-symmetrical complexes. The preparation of the bis(binaphthylcyclopentadienyl)-chloroniobium peroxide complexes and bis(indenyl)chloroniobium peroxide is described.
COLLETTI, STEVEN L.;HALTERMAN, RONALD L., TETRAHEDRON LETT., 30,(1989) N7, C. 3513-3516