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Chromic nitrate | 17135-66-9

中文名称
——
中文别名
——
英文名称
Chromic nitrate
英文别名
chromium(3+);trinitrate
Chromic nitrate化学式
CAS
17135-66-9;10103-47-6;13548-38-4
化学式
Cr(NO3)3
mdl
——
分子量
238.01
InChiKey
PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    60 °C(lit.)
  • 密度:
    1.00 g/mL at 20 °C
  • 溶解度:
    极易溶于H2O
  • LogP:
    -3 at 20℃
  • 物理描述:
    Liquid

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -0.72
  • 重原子数:
    13
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    189
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    9

ADMET

代谢
铬(VI)的新陈代谢涉及通过小分子和酶系统还原生成铬(III)和反应中间体。在此过程中,可能会生成自由基,据认为这会引发细胞组分的损伤并导致铬的毒性。代谢物会与细胞成分结合。
The metabolism of Cr (VI) involves reduction by small molecules and enzyme systems to generate Cr (III) and reactive intermediates. During this process, free radicals can be generated, which is thought to induce damage of cellular components and cause toxicity of chromium. The metabolites bind to cellular constituents.
来源:DrugBank
毒理性
  • 副作用
高铁血红蛋白血症 - 血液中高铁血红蛋白含量增加;该化合物被归类为继发性毒性效应。 皮肤致敏剂 - 可以诱导皮肤过敏反应的制剂。 哮喘 - 由吸入刺激性或致敏性物质引发的 可逆性支气管收缩(支气管狭窄)。 ACGIH致癌物 - 无法分类。
Methemoglobinemia - The presence of increased methemoglobin in the blood; the compound is classified as secondary toxic effect Skin Sensitizer - An agent that can induce an allergic reaction in the skin. Asthma - Reversible bronchoconstriction (narrowing of bronchioles) initiated by the inhalation of irritating or allergenic agents. ACGIH Carcinogen - Not Classifiable.
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
毒理性
  • 蛋白质结合
血液中,95%的铬(III)与高分子量蛋白结合,如转铁蛋白,而一小部分与小分子量寡肽结合。血清中的铬与β球蛋白部分的转铁蛋白结合。
In the blood, 95% of chromium (III) is bound to large molecular mass proteins, such as transferrin, while a small proportion associates with low molecular mass oligopeptides. Serum chromium is bound to transferrin in the beta globulin fraction.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 吸收
铬化合物既可以通过肺部吸收,也可以通过胃肠道吸收。人体对铬化合物的口服吸收率介于0.5%至10%之间,六价(VI)铬比三价(III)铬更容易被吸收。从肠道吸收铬的效率较低,摄入量的吸收率从不到0.4%到2.5%。据报道,维生素C和维生素B烟酸可以增强铬的吸收。大多数六价铬(VI)在吸收过程中会在胃内部分还原为三价铬(III),这一过程主要是由氨基酸的巯基团介导的。六价铬(VI)容易穿透细胞膜,在胃肠道吸收四价铬后,铬可以在红细胞和血浆中找到。相比之下,三价铬(III)的细胞膜穿透性较差,因此其存在仅限于血浆中。一旦穿过细胞膜,六价铬(VI)会迅速还原为三价铬(III),然后与高分子或与蛋白质结合。三价铬(III)可能会与转铁蛋白或其他血浆蛋白结合,或者形成如葡萄糖耐量因子(GTF)这样的复合物。
Chromium compounds are both absorbed by the lung and the gastrointestinal tract. Oral absorption of chromium compounds in humans can range between 0.5% and 10%, with the hexavalent (VI) chromium more easily absorbed than the trivalent (III) form. Absorption of chromium from the intestinal tract is low, ranging from less than 0.4% to 2.5% of the amount consumed. Vitamin C and the vitamin B niacin is reported to enhance chromium absorption. Most hexavalent Cr (VI) undergoes partial intragastric reduction to Cr (III) upon absorption, which is an action mainly mediated by sulfhydryl groups of amino acids. Cr (VI) readily penetrates cell membranes and chromium can be found in both erythrocytes and plasma after gastrointestinal absorption of Cr (IV). In comparison, the presence of chromium is limited to the plasma as Cr (III) displays poor cell membrane penetration. Once transported through the cell membrane, Cr (VI) is rapidly reduced to Cr (III), which subsequently binds to macromolecules or conjugate with proteins. Cr (III) may be bound to transferrin or other plasma proteins, or as complexes, such as glucose tolerance factor (GTF).
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 消除途径
吸收的铬主要以尿液形式排出,占铬总排泄量的80%;少量通过头发、汗水和胆汁丢失。铬主要通过肾小球过滤或与低分子量有机转运蛋白结合以尿液形式排出。
Absorbed chromium is excreted mainly in the urine, accounting for 80% of total excretion of chromium; small amounts are lost in hair, perspiration and bile. Chromium is excreted primarily in the urine by glomerular filtration or bound to a low molecular-weight organic transporter.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 分布容积
被吸收的铬会分布到人体的所有组织中,其在体内的分布取决于物种、年龄和化学形态。口服或经皮给予不同化合物后,循环中的Cr(III)可以被组织摄取,并在肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、软组织和骨骼中积累。
Absorbed chromium is distributed to all tissues of the body and its distribution in the body depends on the species, age, and chemical form. Circulating Cr (III) following oral or parenteral administration of different compounds can be taken up by tissues and accumulates in the liver, kidney, spleen, soft tissue, and bone.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 清除
铬的排泄主要通过肾脏,范围从每天3到50微克。正常人体24小时尿液排泄率报告为0.22微克/天。
Excretion of chromium is via the kidneys ranges from 3 to 50 μg/day. The 24-hour urinary excretion rates for normal human subjects are reported to be 0.22 μg/day.
来源:DrugBank

安全信息

  • 危险等级:
    5.1

制备方法与用途

水中溶解度(g/100ml):不同温度(℃)时每100毫升水中的溶解克数为:

  • 108g/0℃
  • 124g/10℃
  • 130g/20℃
  • 152g/30℃

用途 用于制造含铬催化剂、玻璃和陶瓷釉彩,也可用作印染织物的媒染剂及缓蚀剂。

类别 氧化剂

毒性分级 中毒

急性毒性

  • 大鼠 LD50:3250 毫克/公斤
  • 小鼠 LD50:2976 毫克/公斤

爆炸物危险特性 与还原剂、硫、磷等混合,受热、撞击或摩擦可能发生爆炸。

可燃性危险特性 助燃,火场可能排出含铬和氮氧化物的辛辣刺激烟雾。

储运特性 应存放在通风低温干燥处;轻装轻卸;与有机物、还原剂、硫及磷等易燃物分开存放。

灭火剂 可用雾状水、砂土或泡沫进行灭火。

职业标准 时间加权平均容许浓度(TWA):0.5 毫克/立方米 (铬)

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    CAMCOHOB, O. A.;VORONOVA, M. I.;IVANOV, E. G.;IVANOV, E. L.
    摘要:
    DOI:
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    CARTA, GIORGIO;DECARLI, JOSEPH P.;BYERS, CHARLES H.;SISSON, WARREN G., CHEM. ENG. COMMUN., 79,(1989) C. 207-227
    摘要:
    DOI:
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文献信息

  • Aqueous solution of chromium salt and method for producing same
    申请人:Kotaki Hideki
    公开号:US20070086938A1
    公开(公告)日:2007-04-19
    Disclosed is an aqueous solution of a chromium salt, in which the oxalic acid content is 8% by weight or less relative to chromium. In the aqueous solution of the chromium salt, the total organic carbon content is 4% by weight or less relative to chromium. The chromium salt is preferably a chromium chloride, a chromium phosphate, or a chromium nitrate. The chromium chloride preferably contains a basic chromium chloride represented by the composition formula Cr(OH) x Cl y (wherein 0
    本发明涉及一种含铬盐的水溶液,其中草酸含量相对于铬的重量为8%或更少。在铬盐的水溶液中,总有机碳含量相对于铬的重量为4%或更少。铬盐最好是铬氯化物,铬磷酸盐或铬酸盐。铬氯化物最好包含由组成式Cr(OH)xCly表示的基本铬氯化物(其中0<x≤2,1≤y<3,且x+y=3)。铬磷酸盐最好是由组成式Cr(H3-3/nPO4)n表示的铬磷酸盐(其中n是满足2≤n≤3的数字)。铬酸盐最好是由组成式Cr(OH)x(NO3)y表示的基本铬酸盐(其中0<x≤2,1≤y<3,且x+y=3)。
  • AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF CHROMIUM SALT AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME
    申请人:KOTAKI Hideki
    公开号:US20100095867A1
    公开(公告)日:2010-04-22
    Disclosed is an aqueous solution of a chromium salt, in which the oxalic acid content is 8% by weight or less relative to chromium. In the aqueous solution of the chromium salt, the total organic carbon content is 4% by weight or less relative to chromium. The chromium salt is preferably a chromium chloride, a chromium phosphate, or a chromium nitrate. The chromium chloride preferably contains a basic chromium chloride represented by the composition formula Cr(OH) x Cl y (wherein 0
    本发明涉及一种含铬盐的水溶液,其中草酸含量相对于铬的重量为8%或更少。在含铬盐的水溶液中,总有机碳含量相对于铬的重量为4%或更少。铬盐优选为氯化铬,磷酸铬或硝酸铬。氯化铬优选包含由组成式Cr(OH)xCly表示的基本氯化铬(其中0 < x≤2,1≤y < 3,且x + y = 3)。磷酸铬优选为由组成式Cr(H3-3 / nPO4)n表示的一种(其中n是满足2≤n≤3的数字)。硝酸铬优选为由组成式Cr(OH)x(NO3)y表示的基本硝酸铬(其中0 < x≤2,1≤y < 3,且x + y = 3)。
  • PROCESS FOR OBTAINING METAL-ORGANIC MATERIALS WITH STRUCTURE TYPE MIL-101 (Cr) AND MIL-101-Cr-Mx+
    申请人:INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL PETRÓLEO
    公开号:US20160185806A1
    公开(公告)日:2016-06-30
    The present invention relates to a process for obtaining materials with Metal Organic atomic structure and called MOF (MOF: Metal Organic Framework) type MIL-101 (Cr) and MIL-101-Cr-M X+ (MIL: Material from Institute Lavoisier), where M X+ can be any metal cation, such as Mg 2+ , Al 3+ or Ti 4+ , using for its synthesis metal epoxides and alkoxides, avoiding the use of hydrofluoric acid (HF) or bases as synthesis controlling agents. The process of the present invention for the preparation of materials MOF MIL-101 (Cr) and MOF MIL-101-Cr-M X+ where M X+ can be any metal cation, such as Mg 2+ , Al 3+ or Ti 4+ , consisting of: a) Synthesizing MOF MIL-101 (Cr) with epoxides, or Synthesizing MOF MIL-101-Cr-M X+ with metal alkoxides; and b) Purifying the synthesized MOF. in order to obtain 100% pure materials, with a controlled mesoporosity associated with a hysteresis P/P 0 from 0.7 to 0.99, BET surface area from 2,500 to 3,500 m 2 /g, pore volume from 1.1 to 2.2 cm 3 /g, and pore diameter from 15 to 55 nm.
    本发明涉及一种制备金属有机原子结构材料的方法,称为MOF(金属有机框架)类型MIL-101(Cr)和MIL-101-Cr-MX+(MIL:拉瓦锡研究所材料),其中MX+可以是任何金属阳离子,例如Mg2+,Al3+或Ti4+,使用金属环氧化物和烷氧基化物进行合成,避免使用氢氟酸(HF)或碱作为合成控制剂。本发明的方法用于制备MOF MIL-101(Cr)和MOF MIL-101-Cr-MX+的材料,其中MX+可以是任何金属阳离子,例如Mg2+,Al3+或Ti4+,包括:a)使用环氧化物合成MOF MIL-101(Cr),或使用金属烷氧基化物合成MOF MIL-101-Cr-MX+;和b)纯化合成的MOF,以获得纯度为100%的材料,具有与P/P0为0.7至0.99的滞后曲线相关的可控介孔性,BET比表面积为2,500至3,500 m2/g,孔容为1.1至2.2 cm3/g,孔径为15至55 nm。
  • GHARBI, N.;GHORBEL, A.;LIVAGE, J., J. SOC. CHIM. TUNIS., 2,(1988) N, C. 9-12
    作者:GHARBI, N.、GHORBEL, A.、LIVAGE, J.
    DOI:——
    日期:——
  • WEDEMEYER, HORST;VOLLATH, DIETER;GUNTHER, ELMAR
    作者:WEDEMEYER, HORST、VOLLATH, DIETER、GUNTHER, ELMAR
    DOI:——
    日期:——
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