Water-soluble cobalt(III) porphyrin complexes were found to promote the hydration of terminal alkynes to give methyl ketones. The alkynehydration proceeded in good to excellent yield with 0.1 to 2 mol % cobaltcatalyst 1 and was compatible with the presence of acid/base- or redox-sensitive functional groups such as alkyl silyl ethers; allyl ethers; trityl ethers; benzyl ethers; carboxylic esters;
Sustainable Radical Reduction through Catalytic Hydrogen Atom Transfer
作者:Andreas Gansäuer、Chun-An Fan、Frederik Piestert
DOI:10.1021/ja801232t
日期:2008.6.1
A system with coupled catalytic cycles is described that allows radicalreduction by hydrogenatom abstraction from rhodium hydrides. These intermediates are generated from H2 activation by Wilkinson's catalyst. Radical generation is carried out by titanocene-catalyzed electron transfer to epoxides.
Coupling Titanium and Chromium Catalysis in a Reaction Network for the Reprogramming of [BH<sub>4</sub>]<sup>−</sup> as Electron Transfer and Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reagent for Radical Chemistry
Reprogramming the typical hydride character of borohydrides to a stepwise electron and H-atom transferreagent allows epoxide reduction, C−C bond formation and regiodivergent epoxide opening in an unusual manner by avoiding SN2-type reactivity of [BH4]−. The readily available Li[BH4] is used as sole stoichiometric reagent.
通过有效耦合地球上储量丰富的两种金属钛和铬,从催化循环到催化球。将硼氢化物的典型氢化物特征重新编程为逐步电子和氢原子转移试剂,通过避免 [BH 4 ] -的 S N 2 型反应性,可以以不寻常的方式进行环氧化物还原、CC 键形成和区域发散环氧化物打开。容易获得的Li[BH 4 ]被用作唯一的化学计量试剂。
Sex Pheromone Components of the Apple Leafminer, Lyonetia prunifoliella
作者:Regine Gries、Gerhard Gries、G. G. Skip King、Chris T. Maier
DOI:10.1023/b:joec.0000006390.43868.3b
日期:1997.4
Three methylated hydrocarbons, 10,14-dimethyloctadec-1-ene (10Me14Me-1-ene-18Hy = 5Me9Me-17-ene-18Hy), 5,9-dimethyloctadecane (5Me9Me-18Hy), and 5,9-dimethylheptadecane (5Me9Me-17Hy), are synergistic sex pheromone components of the leafminer Lyonetia prunifoliella. Compounds extracted from female pheromone glands were identified by coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD), and one compound, 10Me14Me-1-ene-18Hy also by coupled GC-mass spectrometry. In field trapping experiments, 10Me14Me-1-ene-18Hy 5Me9Me-18Hy, and 5Me9Me-17Hy singly were unattractive to males but in ternary combination attracted numerous male moths. Attractiveness of the three-component blend significantly exceeded that of two-component blends. No attraction of males to pheromone lures without 10Me14Me-1-ene-18Hy indicates that this compound is essential for pheromone communication of L. prunifoliella. Common C-5 and C-9 methyl branches in lyonetiid pheromone hydrocarbons suggest a common biosynthetic pathway; the presence of 5Me9Me-17Hy and 5Me9Me-18Hy in pheromone blends of L. prunifoliella and Leucoptera malifoliella provides evidence for phylogeny of lyonetiid chemical communication. Determination of the stereoisomeric composition is required to completely describe the pheromone blend of L. prunifoliella and to support the hypothesis of phylogenetically related sex pheromones.