Reactions and characterization of allylic and related zirconium reagents (allenic and γ-alkoxyallylic zirconiums) generated by treatment of allylic and/or propargylic ethers with a zirconocene-butene complex (“Cp2Zr”) are described.
Preparation and regio- and diastereoselective reactions of allylic zirconium reagents from allylic ether derivatives
作者:Hisanaka Ito、Takeo Taguchi、Yuji Hanzawa
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)91605-8
日期:1992.3
Allylic zirconium reagents were generated by treating allylic ether derivatives with zirconocene “Cp2Zr”. The allylic zirconium reagents reacted with aldehydes in highly regio- and diastereoselective manner to give homoallylicalcohol compounds.
Aliphatic aldehydes react with catalytic amount of Dibal-H in n-pentane to give the corresponding Tishchenko products in good to excellent yields. On contrary, α-silyloxy aldehydes give α-silyloxy ketones via Oppenauer oxidation under similar condition. Tishchenko reaction of ω-alkene aldehydes followed by RCM and hydrogenation affords a convenient method to prepare the 11–37 membered macrocyclic lactones
Nucleophilic additions to and reductiosn of 5-formyl-and 5-acyl-2-isoxazolines (4,5-dihydeoisoxazoles): a stereoselective route to β,γ-dihydroxy ketones
作者:Dennis P. Curran、Jaincun Zhang
DOI:10.1039/p19910002613
日期:——
Reductions of readily available 5-acyl-2-isoxazolines with L-Selectride follow the Felkin-Anh model and produce syn-5-hydroxyalkyl-2-isoxazolines with excellent (> 95:5) selectivities. Swern oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-isoxazolines, followed by direct addition of a Grignard reagent to the intermediate 5-formyl-2-isoxazolines, also follows the Felkin-Anh model and produces anti-5-hydroxyalkyl-2-isoxazolines with modest (80:20) to excellent (> 95:5) selectivity. In contrast, additions of Grignard reagents to 5-acyl-2-isoxazolines follow the chelation model, and give syn or anti products (depending on choice of acyl substituent and Grignard reagent) with good (90:10) to excellent selectivity. These selectivities are almost always far superior to those that can be obtained by direct nitrile oxide cycloaddition to a chiral allylic alcohol or ether. The resulting products are readily reduced to syn- or anti-beta,gamma-dihydroxy ketones. A speculative model to explain this surprising reversal in selectivity between formyl and acyl isoxazolines is proposed.
An Extremely Facile Synthesis of Furans, Pyrroles, and Thiophenes by the Dehydrative Cyclization of Propargyl Alcohols
Furans, pyrroles, and thiophenes are efficiently prepared by gold-catalyzed dehydrative cyclizations of readily available, heteroatom-substituted propargylic alcohols. The reactions are rapid, high-yielding, and procedurally simple, giving essentially pure aromatic heterocycles in minutes under open-flask conditions with catalyst loadings as low as 0.05 mol %.