三甲基二氯化锑 | 13059-67-1

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机金属化合物 - 有机类金属化合物
• 中文名称: 三甲基二氯化锑
• 中文别名: 三甲基二氯化锑(V)
• 英文名称: trimethylantimony dichloride
• 英文别名: Dichlorotrimethylantimony；dichloro(trimethyl)-λ5-stibane
• CAS: 13059-67-1
• 化学式: C₃H₉Cl₂Sb
• 分子量: 237.76
• InChiKey: IEOZXTYTNPKDKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L

物化性质

• 熔点：
  222-223 °C (dec.)(lit.)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.75
• 重原子数：
  6
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  1.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

ADMET

代谢

锑在人体内广泛分布。头发和皮肤含有最高的锑水平。肾上腺、肺、大肠、气管、小脑和肾脏也含有相对较高的锑。血液是将吸收的锑运输到身体各个组织隔室的主要载体。锑是一种金属，因此不会发生分解代谢。锑可以与巯基和磷酸共价相互作用，以及与许多内源性配体（例如，蛋白质）进行可逆的绑定相互作用。目前尚不清楚这些相互作用在毒理学上是否具有重要意义。锑通过尿液和粪便排出。部分粪便中的锑可能代表未被吸收的锑，这些锑通过粘液纤毛活动从肺部清除到食管，再进入胃肠道。（L741）

Antimony is widely distributed throughout the body. The hair and skin contain the highest levels of antimony. The adrenal glands, lung, large intestine, trachea, cerebellum, and kidneys also contain relatively high levels of antimony. Blood is the main vehicle for the transport of absorbed antimony to various tissue compartments of the body. Antimony is a metal and, therefore, does not undergo catabolism. Antimony can covalently interact with sulfhydryl groups and phosphate, as well as numerous reversible binding interactions with endogenous ligands (e.g., proteins). It is not known if these interactions are toxicologically significant. Antimony is excreted via the urine and feces. Some of the fecal antimony may represent unabsorbed antimony that is cleared from the lung via mucociliary action into the esophagus to the gastrointestinal tract. (L741)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

吸入数据表明心肌是锑中毒的目标。锑可能通过干扰糖原分解和糖异生途径的酶来影响循环中的葡萄糖。锑的作用机制尚不清楚。然而，一些研究表明，锑与巯基团结合，包括一些对组织呼吸重要的酶中的巯基团。BAL的解毒作用取决于其阻止或打断锑与关键酶结合的能力。此外，死亡原因被认为是与急性砷中毒基本相同。(T18, L741, A238)

The inhalation data suggests that the myocardium is a target of antimony toxicity. It is possible that antimony affects circulating glucose by interfering with enzymes of the glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis pathways. The mechanism of action of antimony remains unclear. However, some studies suggest that antimony combines with sulfhydryl groups including those in several enzymes important for tissue respiration. The antidotal action of BAL depends on its ability to prevent or break the union between antimony and vital enzymes. Moreover, the The cause of death is believed to be essentially the same as that in acute arsenic poisoning. (T18, L741, A238)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

无致癌性迹象（未被国际癌症研究机构IARC列名）。

No indication of carcinogenicity (not listed by IARC). (L135)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 健康影响

皮肤接触锑可以导致锑斑（围绕汗腺和皮脂腺的丘疹和脓疱）。锑中毒还可能导致肺尘埃沉着病。吸入锑可能导致肺部功能改变和其他影响，包括慢性支气管炎、慢性肺气肿、活动性肺结核、胸膜粘连和刺激。锑中毒还可能导致血压升高。心肌抑制、血管扩张和体液流失可能导致低血压、电解质紊乱和急性肾衰竭的休克。脑水肿、昏迷、抽搐和死亡都是可能的。

Dermal exposure to antimony can cause antimony spots (papules and pustules around sweat and sebaceous glands). Antimony poisoning can also lead to pneumoconiosis. Alterations in pulmonary function and other effects including chronic bronchitis, chronic emphysema, inactive tuberculosis, pleural adhesions, and irritation can result from inhalation of antimony. Increased blood pressure can also result from antimony poisoning. Myocardial depression, vasodilation and fluid loss may cause shock with hypotension, electrolyte disturbances and acute renal failure. Cerebral oedema, coma, convulsions, and death are possible. (L741)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 暴露途径

吸入（L741）；口服（L741）；皮肤给药（L741）

Inhalation (L741) ; oral (L741) ; dermal (L741)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 症状

腹部疼痛、呕吐、腹泻可能是由吸入锑引起的。呼吸困难、头痛、呕吐、咳嗽、结膜炎和鼻孔流出血性脓性分泌物可能是由吸入暴露引起的。皮肤或眼睛接触可能导致暴露表面疼痛和发红。（T64, L741）

Abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea can result from inhalation of antimony. Dyspnea, headache, vomiting,cough, conjunctivitis, and bloody purulent discharge from nose can result from inhalation exposure. Skin or eye contact can cause pain and redness of the exposed surface. (T64, L741)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

安全信息

• 危险品标志：
  C,N
• 危险品运输编号：
  UN 3261 8/PG 2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  三甲基二氯化锑 生成 dimethylchlorostibine
  参考文献：
  名称：

  硅和锑

  摘要：

  （三甲基甲硅烷基）甲酰胺锂与砷，锑和铋的烷基卤素化合物反应，形成这些金属的单甲硅烷基化氨基衍生物：[（CH 3）3 SiNCH 3 ] n M（CH 3）3- n（M = As，Sb和Bi；n = 1-3）。描述和讨论了这些化合物的物理性质和1 H NMR光谱。

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0022-328x(00)88735-5
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  trimethyl-l⁵-stibanediyl dibenzenesulfonate 在 HCl 作用下， 以 乙醇 、 丙酮 为溶剂， 生成 三甲基二氯化锑
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Ruether, R.; Huber, F.; Preut, H., Zeitschrift fur Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• Investigations on organoantimony compounds
  作者：H.A. Meinema、H.F. Martens、J.G. Noltes

  DOI：10.1016/s0022-328x(00)93519-8

  日期：1973.4

  Dialkylstibylsodium compounds have been prepared by cleavage of trialkylstibines with sodium in liquid ammonia. Reactions of the latter with epoxides, N-benzoylethylenimine and β-propiolactone have afforded several new functionally substituted organostibines. The different reactivities towards such cleavage of different alkly groups bound to antimony opens a route to the synthesis of asymmetrically

  通过在液体氨中用钠裂解三烷基stibines来制备二烷基stibyl钠化合物。后者与环氧化物，N-苯甲酰基亚乙基亚胺和β-丙内酯的反应提供了几种新的功能取代的有机stibines。对与锑结合的不同烷基的这种裂解的不同反应性为合成不对称取代的有机stibines开辟了一条途径。已经发现二烷基苯乙烯基钠化合物与1，2-二氯乙烷的反应中容易获得的四烷基二乙胺是合成迄今难以接近的氯二烷基锑和三氯二烷基锑化合物的合适起始原料。
• <i>ortho</i> ‐Directed Metathetical Fluoride/Amide Exchange in (Pentafluorophenyl)amides
  作者：Pavel L. Shutov、Sergey S. Karlov、Klaus Harms、Maxim V. Zabalov、Jörg Sundermeyer、Jörg Lorberth、Galina S. Zaitseva

  DOI：10.1002/ejic.200700772

  日期：2007.12

  the products of intramolecular ortho-directed exchange of NMe2 and F substituents, are obtained from the reaction of 2 with 1 or 2 equiv. of 1, respectively. The reaction between Me3Sb(Hal)2 [Hal = Br (7) Cl, (8)] and 1 or 2 equiv. of lithium salt 4 gives the corresponding stable monoamides [Me3(Hal)SbN(C6F5)(2-C5H4N)}] [Hal = Br (17), Cl (18)] or bis(amide) [Me3SbN(C6F5)(2-C5H4N)}2] (19), respectively

  铟三(酰胺)s [(Et2N)3–nInN(C6F5)(2-C5H4N)}n] [n = 1 (15), 2 (16) or 3 (9)] [In(NEt2)3]2 (3) 与化学计量量的 (2- )( )NH (1)。Bi(NMe2)3 (2) 与 3 当量的类似反应。胺 1 和 BiCl3 (5) 用化学计量量的 (2- )( )NLi (4) 处理都导致 [BiN( )(2- )}3] (10)。相比之下，只有二氟化物 11 或一氟化物 12，它们是 NMe2 和 F 取代基的分子内邻位定向交换的产物，从 2 与 1 或 2 当量的反应中获得。分别为 1。Me3Sb(Hal)2 [Hal = Br (7) Cl, (8)] 和 1 或 2 当量之间的反应。锂盐 4 得到相应的稳定单酰胺 [Me3(Hal)SbN( )(2- )}]
• An ESCA and NQR study of Me3SbCl2·.SbCl3
  作者：W.E. De Bock、D.M. Wambeke、D.F. Van De Vondel、G.P. Van Der Kelen

  DOI：10.1016/0022-2860(86)87012-0

  日期：1986.2

  Abstract The ESCA and NQR spectra of the complex Me 3 SbCl 2· SbCl 3 are reported. All the observed NQR transitions of the complex have been assigned and are related to the known cross-linked chain structure. The frequency shifts occurring on complexation of Me 3 SbCl 2 with SbCl 3 are explained satisfactorily.

  摘要 报道了配合物Me 3 SbCl 2·SbCl 3 的ESCA和NQR谱。所有观察到的复合物的 NQR 跃迁都已指定，并且与已知的交联链结构有关。令人满意地解释了在 Me 3 SbCl 2 与 SbCl 3 络合时发生的频移。
• Bonding in and gas-phase pyrolysis of the arsoranes and stibanes EMe3X2(E = As or Sb, X = F or Cl) and SbMe4F: ultraviolet photoelectron and field-ionization mass spectrometric studies
  作者：Susanne Elbel、Helge Egsgaard、Lars Carlsen

  DOI：10.1039/dt9870000481

  日期：——

  The He I (and partially He II) photoelectron spectra of the gaseous Group 5 molecules AsMe3F2, AsMe3Cl2, SbMe3F2, SbMe3Cl2, and SbMe4F are presented and assigned using the known ionization potentials of SbMe5 and EMe3(E = As or Sb) and simple molecular-orbital models. Calculations have been performed for the series AsH3, AsH5, AsH3F2 using the SCC–Xα method. Upon pyrolysis both AsMe3Cl2 and SbMe3Cl2 undergo

  使用已知的电离势表示并分配了气态5族分子AsMe 3 F 2，AsMe 3 Cl 2，SbMe 3 F 2，SbMe 3 Cl 2和SbMe 4 F的He I（和部分He II）光电子能谱。SbMe 5和EMe 3（E = As或Sb）和简单的分子轨道模型。已使用SCC-Xα方法对AsH 3，AsH 5，AsH 3 F 2系列进行了计算。热解后，AsMe 3 Cl 2和SbMe3 Cl 2在气相中经历了HCl的单分子消除，表明新的瞬态物质'EMe 3 Cl 2 - n HCl'处于中间状态。然而，气态氟化物有利于MeF的还原消除。这些结果在相似条件下得到了高温场电离质谱的有力支持。在真空中离子PMe 3 Cl 2的固态热解过程中也观察到HCl的损失。
• Synthesis and spectroscopic studies of antimony pentachloride complexes with neutral oxygen, sulfur and selenium ligands
  作者：Sarah M. Corcoran、William Levason、Rina Patel、Gillian Reid

  DOI：10.1016/j.ica.2004.10.039

  日期：2005.3

  The compounds [SbCl5(R3EY)] (R = Me or Ph; E = P or As; Y = 0 or S) have been prepared from SbCl5 and the appropriate ligand in CH2O2 or CCl4 solutions, and characterised by analysis, IR, H-1, P-31H-1}, Sb-121 NMR spectroscopy and conductance measurements. The [SbCl5(mu-L-L)SbCl5] L-L = Ph2P(O)CH2P(O)Ph-2, Ph2P(O)(CH2)(2)P(O)Ph-2, Ph2P(S)CH2P(S)Ph-2, Ph2As(O)CH2As(O)Ph-2, and o-C6H4(P(O)Ph-2)(2) have

  化合物[SbCl5（R3EY）]（R = Me或Ph； E = P或As； Y = 0或S）是由SbCl5和合适的配体在CH2O2或CCl4溶液中制备的，并通过分析，IR，H进行表征-1，P-31 H-1}，Sb-121 NMR光谱和电导测量。[SbCl5（mu-LL）SbCl5] LL = Ph2P（O）CH2P（O）Ph-2，Ph2P（O）（CH2）（2）P（O）Ph-2，Ph2P（S） （S）合成了Ph-2，Ph2As（O） As（O）Ph-2和o-C6H4（P（O）Ph-2）（2）并进行了相似的表征。不稳定的[SbCl5（R3PSe）]是在低温下制备的，并通过红外光谱进行了表征。在氯碳化合物溶液中，它们迅速分解为Se和R3PCl2。R3SbS与SbCl5的反应产生R3SbCl2，