Steric and repeated-collision effects in diffusion-controlled reactions in solution: kinetics of formation of some iodine donor–acceptor complexes of sulphur compounds
作者:Edward F. Caldin、L. de Forest、Alan Queen
DOI:10.1039/ft9908601549
日期:——
Rates of formation of electron donor–electron acceptor complexes of iodine with some compounds of the general formula R2CS with iodine (R2CS⋯I—I) in 1-chlorobutane have been determined by means of a microwave temperature-jump apparatus. For each of these reactions, the observed forward rate constant (kf) is proportional to the theoretical diffusion-controlled value (k*D) over a range of temperatures
已通过微波温度跳跃装置测定了碘与一些通式为R 2 CS的化合物与碘(R 2 CS = I-I)的碘的电子供体-电子受体配合物的形成速率。对于这些反应中的每一个,在一定温度范围内观察到的正向速率常数(k f)与理论扩散控制值(k * D)成正比,但略小一些。各种反应的k f / k * D值与R 2的估计表面积大致成反比CS分子。假设反应性位点的面积是恒定的,这表明ķ ˚F / ķ * d正比于分子表面面积的分数是反应性的,即该ķ ˚F是受a几何立体因素。然而,k f / k * D的观测值为。如果仅考虑具有正确方向的反应物分子之间首次碰撞的频率,则该分子比基于该模型的分子模型所预期的分子大小大四倍。可以通过考虑以下事实来消除这种差异:在相遇过程中反复发生碰撞会增加成功碰撞的机会。具有有限反应位点的分子之间相遇的硬球模型,通过碰撞之间的旋转而重新定向,这表明重复的碰撞可能会导致k f / k
Palladium‐Catalyzed Desulfurative Amide Formation from Thioureas and Arylboronic Acids
作者:Jianke Su、Wendong Li、Xin Li、Jian Xu、Qiuling Song
DOI:10.1002/cctc.202001099
日期:2020.11.19
Pd‐catalyzed desulfurative amide formation involved Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling reaction, notably the Pd complex was generated in situ from thioureas, Ag salt and Pd catalyst. Silver salt was essential for the construction of this type of carbenes from available and stable thioureas and well participated in the catalytic cycle. We report a method for the synthesis of arylamides from arylboronicacids, which
The present invention relates to a method for producing amphiphilic functionalized highly branched melamine-polyamine polymers by condensing melamine and optionally a melamine derivate having at least one different amine having at least two primary amino groups and optionally also with urea and/or at least one urea derivative and/or with at least one at least difunctional diisocyanate or polyisocyanate and/or at least one carbolic acid having at least two carboxyl groups or at least one derivative thereof, optionally quaternizing a portion of the amino groups of the polymer thereby obtained, reacting the polymer thus obtained with at least one compound capable of undergoing a condensation or addition reaction with amino groups, and optionally quaternizing at least part of the amino groups of the polymer obtained in the first step. The invention further relates to the amphiphilic functionalized highly branched melamine-polyamine polymers that can be obtained by the method according to the invention, and to the use thereof as surface active agents.
Heterocyclic fused imidazolone, dioxolone, imidazolethione and dioxolethione monomers
申请人:Zahn Steffen
公开号:US20070282099A1
公开(公告)日:2007-12-06
A method of making a compound of the formula shown below is disclosed:
wherein Z is Se or S; Y is NH or O; X is O or S and W and W′ are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, —C═ONH
2
, —C═ONHR′, —C═ONR′R′, —C≡N, and R′ is C
1-6
alkyl and the resultant monomer compounds. The method includes contacting a 3,4-disubstituted thiophene or selenophene or disubstituted thiophene or selenophene derivatives with a carbonyl or thiocarbonyl containing compound selected from the group consisting of ureas, thioureas, carbonate esters, thionocarbonates, thiocarbonate esters, or orthocarbonates. The monomer compounds are suitable for forming polymers for use in a wide range of electronic applications.
Overbased sulfurized alkyl-phenols as lubricating oil additives
申请人:CHEVRON RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY COMPANY
公开号:EP0259974A2
公开(公告)日:1988-03-16
Oil-soluble hydrolytically stable Group II metal overbased sulfurized alkylphenol reaction products are characterized as possessing a Total Base Number of at least 300 and a viscosity of not more than 800 centistokes at 100°C and containing less than 10 mole percent of unsulfurized Group II metal alkylphenol in the actives. These reaction products, which are useful as lubricating oil additives, are obtained by a process in which the appropriate reactants are reacted together in the presence of a sulfurization catalyst which enables reaction products of such high Total Base Numbers and low viscosities to be obtained.
油溶性水解稳定的 II 族金属过基硫化烷基酚反应产物的特点是,总碱基数至少为 300,100°C 时粘度不超过 800 厘沲,并且活性物中未硫化 II 族金属烷基酚的含量低于 10 摩尔%。 这些可用作润滑油添加剂的反应产物是通过以下工艺获得的:在硫化催化剂存在下,适当的反应物一起反应,从而获得高总碱基数和低粘度的反应产物。