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Calcium hydride | 57308-10-8

中文名称
——
中文别名
——
英文名称
Calcium hydride
英文别名
calcium;hydride
Calcium hydride化学式
CAS
57308-10-8;7789-78-8
化学式
CaH2
mdl
——
分子量
42.09
InChiKey
UUGAXJGDKREHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    816 °C (lit.)
  • 密度:
    1.9
  • 溶解度:
    与H2O、乙醇反应

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -0.16
  • 重原子数:
    1
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    0
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    2

ADMET

毒理性
  • 副作用
Dermatotoxin - 皮肤烧伤。
Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
立即急救:确保已经进行了充分去污。如果患者停止呼吸,开始人工呼吸,最好使用需求阀复苏器、气囊面罩装置或口袋面罩,按训练进行操作。根据需要执行心肺复苏。立即用缓慢流动的冲洗受污染的眼睛。不要催吐。如果发生呕吐,让患者前倾或置于左侧(如果可能的话,头部向下)以保持呼吸道畅通,防止吸入。保持患者安静,维持正常体温。寻求医疗帮助。/腐蚀品/
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Corrosives/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
基本治疗:建立专利气道(如需要,使用口咽或鼻咽气道)。如有必要,进行吸痰。密切观察呼吸不足的迹象,如有必要,协助通气。通过非循环呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。监测肺肿,并在必要时进行治疗……。监测休克,并在必要时进行治疗……。预防癫痫发作,并在必要时进行治疗……。对于眼睛污染,立即用冲洗眼睛。在运输过程中,用0.9%的生理盐(NS)连续冲洗每只眼睛……。不要使用催吐剂。对于摄入,如果患者能吞咽、有强烈的干呕反射且不流口,则用温冲洗口腔,并给予5毫升/千克,最多200毫升的进行稀释……。在去污后,用干燥的无菌敷料覆盖皮肤烧伤……。/腐蚀性物质/
Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Corrosives/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
高级治疗:对于失去意识、严重肺肿或严重呼吸困难的病人,考虑进行口咽或鼻咽气管插管以控制气道。一旦出现上呼吸道阻塞的迹象,可能需要尽早进行插管。使用气囊面罩装置的正压通气技术可能有益。考虑对肺肿进行药物治疗...。监测心率和必要时治疗心律失常...。开始静脉输注D5W/SRP:“保持通路开放”,最低流速/。如果出现低血容量的迹象,使用0.9%盐(NS)或乳酸钠林格氏液(LR)。对于伴有低血容量迹象的低血压,谨慎给予液体。注意液体过载的迹象....。用地西泮劳拉西泮治疗癫痫...。使用丙美卡因化物协助眼部冲洗...。/腐蚀剂/
Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Early intubation, at the first sign of upper airway obstruction, may be necessary. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload .... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Corrosives/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 非人类毒性摘录
实验动物:神经毒性/本研究探讨了珊瑚氢化物(CCH)对大鼠海马内抗氧化能力的影响,通过测量CCH(a)与海马共灌注和(b)自由活动状态下口服给大鼠4周的/3-甲氧羰基-2,2,5,5-四甲基吡咯烷-1-氧基/(PCAM)氮氧自由基衰减率。通过给予可透过血脑屏障的PCAM氮氧自由基,测量PCAM自由基衰减率,然后使用电子自旋共振(ESR)光谱结合微透析与大脑中的抗氧化剂含量相关,从而估计体内的抗氧化效果。与对照组相比,CCH共灌注和口服给药组大鼠PCAM的半衰期明显缩短。这些结果表明,CCH可能通过与生育酚抗坏血酸的协同作用,显著增强海马的基础内源性抗氧化能力,从而发挥抗氧化活性。
/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Neurotoxicity/ This study explored the effect of coral calcium hydride (CCH) on rat intrahippocampal antioxidant ability by measuring the /3-methoxycarbonyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-1-oxyl/ (PCAM) nitroxide radical decay ratio when CCH was (a) co-perfused into the hippocampus and (b) fed orally to the rats for 4 weeks under a freely moving state. Estimation of the in vivo antioxidant effect was obtained by administration of the blood-brain barrier-permeable PCAM nitroxide radical and the measured PCAM radical decay ratio then correlated to the amount of antioxidant in the brain using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy combined with microdialysis. The half-life periods of PCAM in rats treated with CCH in both the co-perfusion and orally fed groups were significantly shorter compared to the control group. These results clarify the mechanism that CCH may exert antioxidant activity by significantly enhancing the basal endogenous antioxidant ability in the hippocampus through a synergistic effect with alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • TSCA:
    Yes
  • 危险等级:
    4.3

制备方法与用途

简介

氢化通常由纯度为99.5%的精制在高温下通入提纯氢气反应制得。它在常温下与干燥空气、氮气和气均不反应,遇分解能释放出大量高纯氢气。作为轻便的氢气发生剂,氢化广泛应用于野外作业时提供高效能源,并且释放出的氢负离子具有潜在的人体保健作用。

碱土

氢化是一种碱土属,虽然不如氢化稳定,但比其他氢化碱属盐更为稳定。化学式为CaH2,分子量42.10。其白色单斜晶体或块状物在工业中通常呈灰色。遇潮湿空气会释放出氢气并留下氢氧化钙,比重约为1.9。约600℃分解,在816℃(氢气中)熔化。与羧酸和低碳醇反应生成氢气,并在600℃开始逐渐分解。

化学性质

在常温下不与干燥的氧、氮或反应,但在高温下可分别生成CaO、Ca3N2CaCl2。遇产生氢氧化钙氢气。氢化具有强还原性,例如与金属氧化物等作用可释放出属,如2 + MO2 → 2CaO + 2H2 + M(属)。它常用作强还原剂以及野外制氢。

制备方法

装入锅内加热到约300℃,并与氢气反应即可制成氢化化学方程式为: [ \text{Ca} + \text{H}_2 \rightarrow \text{CaH}_2 + 214\text{ kJ·MOl}^{-1} ] 或在氢气流中用还原氧化钙也可以制备,但分离氧化钙困难,因此难获得高纯度产品: [ \text{CaO} + \text{Mg} + \text{H}_2 \rightarrow \text{CaH}_2 + \text{MgO} ]

用途

加热至600~1000℃可将的氧化物还原成属粉末,因此氢化可用于粉末冶。不溶于乙醚,但能与乙醇反应生成氢气乙醇钙。一克氢化中可释放出约一升氢气,常用于便携式氢源。

此外,它还用作有机化合物的脱、加氢或缩合剂,以及干燥剂,其干燥效果优于和五氧化二

后处理

少量可用直接用淬灭,大量则需缓慢滴加。可将产品悬浮在干燥四氢呋喃中,在搅拌下慢慢加入乙醇异丙醇至不再释放氢气、溶液澄清为止。

毒性

遇潮气、或酸类会反应产生氢气和氢氧化物,具有一定的腐蚀性和爆炸风险。它与四氢呋喃反应加热可发生爆炸;与氯酸钾次氯酸盐、溴酸盐及过酸盐混合时热灵敏度增加,摩擦亦可引发爆炸。

储运特性

应存放在低温通风干燥处,避免震动和潮湿环境,并远离高温。

灭火剂

使用泡沫、二氧化碳或干粉灭火。

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    Calcium hydride视黄醛盐酸四氯化钛 乙醚氯化钠magnesium sulfate 、 silica gel 、 正己烷 作用下, 以 四氢呋喃 为溶剂, 反应 5.0h, 以gave 1.0 gm (75%) beta-carotene的产率得到β-胡萝卜素
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Process for producing symmetrical olefins
    摘要:
    提供一种生产对称烯烃的过程,包括使用反应性的Ti(II)和/或Ti(O)物种还原偶联酮和醛的步骤。
    公开号:
    US04225734A1
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    2-氨基-4,6-二氯-5-甲酰胺基嘧啶[(1s,Cis)-4-氨基-2-环戊烯-1-甲醇]三乙胺Calcium hydridesodium hydroxide 、 methanol-ethyl 、 silica gel 作用下, 以 乙醇 为溶剂, 反应 14.0h, 以to give the title compound as an off-white solid (2.50 g, 88%)的产率得到(4R)-4-[(2-Amino-6-chloro-5-formamido-4-pyrimidinyl)amino]-2-cyclopentene-1-methanol
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Chloropvrimidine intermediates
    摘要:
    本发明涉及某些新型嘧啶中间体及其盐,其制备方法和转化为9-取代基-2-氨基嘌呤的方法,这些化合物在医疗治疗中有用。
    公开号:
    US20020173649A1
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文献信息

  • Process for preparing triarylmethyl methacrylate
    申请人:Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.
    公开号:US04666633A1
    公开(公告)日:1987-05-19
    A triarylmethyl methacrylate is produced by reacting methacrylic acid with a triarylmethylating agent in an inert, organic solvent containing therein an excess amount of an amine or in the presence of an anion exchanger.
    三芳基甲基丙烯酸酯是通过在惰性有机溶剂中,含有过量胺或存在阴离子交换剂的情况下,将甲基丙烯酸与三芳基甲基化试剂反应而制得的。
  • Naphthalene derivatives
    申请人:Teijin Limited
    公开号:US05149859A1
    公开(公告)日:1992-09-22
    A naphthalene derivative having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group or a non-toxic salt moiety; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently represent a hydrogen atom or --OR.sup.4 where R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl group; A represents a group: ##STR2## [where X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 represents an oxygen atom or N--OR.sup.5 (where R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl group)], a group: ##STR3## [where Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 independently an oxygen atom or a group N--OR.sup.6 (where R.sup.6 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl group)], or a group: ##STR4## (where n is 0 or 1); and B represents --(CH.sub.2).sub.m -- wherein m is an integer of 1, to 8, --(CH.sub.2).sub.m.sbsb.1 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.m.sbsb.2 -- wherein m.sub.1 and m.sub.2 are independently 1 or 2, or ##STR5## wherein m.sub.3 is 0 or 1.
    化合物为生物化学式为(I):##STR1## 其中,R1代表氢原子、C1-C5烷基或非毒性盐基;R2和R3分别代表氢原子或--OR4,其中R4代表氢原子或C1-C3烷基;A代表一个基团:##STR2## [其中X1和X2代表氧原子或N--OR5(其中R5代表氢原子或C1-C3烷基)],一个基团:##STR3## [其中Y1和Y2分别独立地代表氧原子或基团N--OR6(其中R6代表氢原子或C1-C3烷基)],或一个基团:##STR4## (其中n为0或1);B代表--(CH2)m--,其中m为1到8的整数,--( )m1--O--( )m2--,其中m1和m2独立地为1或2,或##STR5## 其中m3为0或1。
  • N-acyl-2,3-benzodiazepine derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions
    申请人:Gyogyszerku-tato Intezet Kft
    公开号:US05459137A1
    公开(公告)日:1995-10-17
    The invention relates to novel N-acyl-2,3-benzodiezapine derivatives of the general formula (I), their stereoisomers and acid-addition salts, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and a process for their preparation. In the general formula (I), defined in the specification, a more complete description of the compounds may be found. The compounds of the general formula (I) possess valuable central nervous system effects, particularly muscle-relaxant, anticonvulsive and neuroprotective action. Thus, they may be useful for the treatment of various diseases of central nervous system origin.
    本发明涉及一种新的N-酰基-2,3-苯并二氮平衍生物,其一般式为(I),其立体异构体和酸加成盐,含有它们的制药组合物以及其制备方法。在一般式(I)中,可以在说明书中找到化合物的更完整描述。一般式(I)的化合物具有有价值的中枢神经系统效应,特别是肌肉松弛、抗惊厥和神经保护作用。因此,它们可能对治疗各种中枢神经系统起源的疾病有用。
  • N-acyl-2,3-benzodiazepine derivatives for treating acute and chronic
    申请人:Cyogyszerkutato Intezet KFT
    公开号:US05639751A1
    公开(公告)日:1997-06-17
    The invention relates to novel N-acyl-2,3-benzodiezapine derivatives of the general formula (I), their stereoisomers and acid-addition salts, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and a process for their preparation. In the general formula (I) R stands for a C.sub.1-6 alkanoyl group optionally substituted by a methoxy, cyano, carboxyl, amino, C.sub.1-4 alkylamino, di(C.sub.1-4 alkyl)amino, pyrrolidino, phthalimido or phenyl group, or by one or more halogen(s); or R is a benzoyl, cyclopropanecarbonyl, C.sub.1-5 alkylcarbamoyl or phenylcarbamoyl group; or R is absent when a double bond exists between the N(3) and C(4) atoms; R.sup.1 means hydrogen; or R.sup.1 is absent when a double bond exists between the N(3) and C(4) atoms; R.sup.2 means a C.sub.1-3 alkyl group; or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together stand for a methylene group and no double bond is present between the N(3) and C(4) atoms; R.sup.3 means hydrogen or a C.sub.1-4 alkanoyl group; R.sup.4 represents hydrogen; a C.sub.1-6 alkanoyl group optionally substituted by a methoxy, cyano, carboxyl, amino, C.sub.1-4 alkylamino, di(C.sub.1-4 alkyl)amino, pyrrolidino, phthalimido or phenyl group or by one or more halogen(s); as well as a benzoyl, palmitoyl, cyclopropanecarbonyl, C.sub.1-5 alkylcarbamoyl or phenylcarbamoyl group; and the dotted lines represent valence bonds optionally being present, with the proviso that no double bond exists between the N(3) and C(4) atoms when both R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 stand for hydrogen. The compounds of the general formula (I) possess valuable central nervous system effects, particularly muscle-relaxant, anticonvulsive and neuroprotective action. Thus, they may be useful for the treatment of various diseases of central nervous system origin.
    本发明涉及一种新型的N-酰基-2,3-苯并二氮平衍生物,其通式为(I),其立体异构体和酸加成盐,以及包含它们的制药组合物和制备它们的方法。在通式(I)中,R代表C.sub.1-6脂肪酰基,其可由甲氧基,基,羧基,基,C.sub.1-4烷基基,二(C.sub.1-4烷基)基,吡咯烷基,邻苯二甲酰亚胺或苯基取代,或由一个或多个卤素取代;或R是苯甲酰基,环丙烷羧酰基,C.sub.1-5烷基基甲酰基或苯基基甲酰基;或当N(3)和C(4)原子之间存在双键时,R不存在;R.sup.1表示氢;或当N(3)和C(4)原子之间存在双键时,R.sup.1不存在;R.sup.2表示C.sub.1-3烷基;或R.sup.1和R.sup.2一起表示亚甲基,且N(3)和C(4)原子之间不存在双键;R.sup.3表示氢或C.sub.1-4脂肪酰基;R.sup.4代表氢;C.sub.1-6脂肪酰基,其可由甲氧基,基,羧基,基,C.sub.1-4烷基基,二(C.sub.1-4烷基)基,吡咯烷基,邻苯二甲酰亚胺或苯基取代,或由一个或多个卤素取代;以及苯甲酰基,棕榈酰基,环丙烷羧酰基,C.sub.1-5烷基基甲酰基或苯基基甲酰基;虚线代表可能存在的价键,但前提是当R.sup.3和R.sup.4都代表氢时,N(3)和C(4)原子之间不存在双键。通式(I)化合物具有有价值的中枢神经系统作用,特别是肌肉松弛,抗惊厥和神经保护作用。因此,它们可能对于治疗各种中枢神经系统起源的疾病有用。
  • 2-Imino substituted isothioureidobenzene
    申请人:Rohm and Haas Company
    公开号:US04241079A1
    公开(公告)日:1980-12-23
    2-Imino substituted isothioureidobenzene products useful as anthelmintics and fungicides are disclosed. The products may be prepared by several different methods including treating a 2-iminothioureidobenzene with a base and either an organic halide, a diester of sulfuric acid or a diester of sulfurous acid or treating a 2-aminoisothioureidobenzene with an appropriately substituted aldehyde.
    本发明公开了作为驱虫剂和杀菌剂有用的2-亚基取代的异硫脲苯产品。该产品可以通过几种不同的方法制备,包括用碱和有机卤化物、硫酸二酯或亚硫酸二酯处理2-亚硫脲苯,或用适当取代的醛处理2-基异硫脲苯。
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