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二硫酸钾铬盐 | 10279-63-7

中文名称
二硫酸钾铬盐
中文别名
——
英文名称
Chromium potassium sulfate
英文别名
potassium;chromium(3+);disulfate
二硫酸钾铬盐化学式
CAS
10279-63-7;10141-00-1
化学式
CrKO8S2
mdl
——
分子量
283.22
InChiKey
OIDPCXKPHYRNKH-UHFFFAOYSA-J
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    89°C
  • 密度:
    1.12 g/mL at 20 °C

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -5.67
  • 重原子数:
    12
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    177
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    8

ADMET

代谢
通过口腔、吸入或皮肤接触被吸收,并分布到几乎所有组织中,肾脏和肝脏中浓度最高。骨骼也是一个主要的储存场所,并可能对长期保留有所贡献。六价硫酸盐和铬酸盐的相似性使其能够通过硫酸盐转运机制进入细胞。在细胞内,六价首先被还原为五价,然后通过包括抗坏血酸谷胱甘肽烟酸腺嘌呤二核苷酸等多种物质还原为三价几乎全部通过尿液排出。(A12, L16)
Chromium is absorbed from oral, inhalation, or dermal exposure and distributes to nearly all tissues, with the highest concentrations found in kidney and liver. Bone is also a major storage site and may contribute to long-term retention. Hexavalent chromium's similarity to sulfate and chromate allow it to be transported into cells via sulfate transport mechanisms. Inside the cell, hexavalent chromium is reduced first to pentavalent chromium, then to trivalent chromium by many substances including ascorbate, glutathione, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Chromium is almost entirely excreted with the urine. (A12, L16)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
三价还可能形成与肽、蛋白质和DNA的复合物,导致DNA-蛋白质交联、DNA链断裂、DNA-DNA链间交联、-DNA加合物、染色体畸变以及细胞信号通路的变化。已经证明,它通过过度刺激细胞调节通路并激活某些丝裂原活化蛋白激酶来增加过氧化物的平,从而诱导癌变。它还可能通过将组蛋白去乙酰化酶1-DNA甲基转移酶1复合物与CYP1A1启动子染色质交联,从而抑制组蛋白修饰,导致转录抑制。可能通过修饰属调节转录因子1来增加自身的毒性,从而抑制诱导的蛋白转录。(A12, L16, A34, A35, A36)
Trivalent chromium may also form complexes with peptides, proteins, and DNA, resulting in DNA-protein crosslinks, DNA strand breaks, DNA-DNA interstrand crosslinks, chromium-DNA adducts, chromosomal aberrations and alterations in cellular signaling pathways. It has been shown to induce carcinogenesis by overstimulating cellular regulatory pathways and increasing peroxide levels by activating certain mitogen-activated protein kinases. It can also cause transcriptional repression by cross-linking histone deacetylase 1-DNA methyltransferase 1 complexes to CYP1A1 promoter chromatin, inhibiting histone modification. Chromium may increase its own toxicity by modifying metal regulatory transcription factor 1, causing the inhibition of zinc-induced metallothionein transcription. (A12, L16, A34, A35, A36)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 致癌物分类
3, 其对人类致癌性无法分类。
3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (L135)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 健康影响
三价的毒性不高。它可能被氧化成六价,这是一种已知的致癌物质。六价还被证明会影响生殖和发育。(A12
Chromium in its trivalent state is not very toxic. It may be oxidized to hexavalent chromium, a known carcinogen. Hexavalent chromium has also been shown to affect reproduction and development. (A12)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 暴露途径
口服(L16);吸入(L16);皮肤给药(L16)
Oral (L16) ; inhalation (L16) ; dermal (L16)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 症状
三价并不具有很高的毒性,但它可能会被氧化成六价。吸入六价可能会刺激鼻腔内壁,导致鼻溃疡、流鼻涕以及呼吸问题,例如哮喘、咳嗽、气短或喘鸣。摄入六价会在胃和小肠造成刺激和溃疡,并可能导致贫血。皮肤接触可能导致皮肤溃疡。
Chromium in its trivalent state is not very toxic, but it may be oxidized to hexavalent chromium. Breathing hexavalent chromium can cause irritation to the lining of the nose, nose ulcers, runny nose, and breathing problems, such as asthma, cough, shortness of breath, or wheezing. Ingestion of hexavalent chromium causes irritation and ulcers in the stomach and small intestine, as well as anemia. Skin contact can cause skin ulcers. (L16)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

制备方法与用途

化学性质

八面体结晶的紫色或紫红色等轴晶系晶体易制成大颗粒结晶。其相对密度为1.826(25℃),熔点为89℃。当加热至100℃时,失去10个结晶;继续加热至400℃,将失去12个结晶并变为无物。该物质溶于和稀酸,但不溶于醇。溶解于中会形成紫红色溶液,在70℃下变成绿色,冷却后逐渐恢复紫色。它容易吸潮,并在干燥空气中易风化。

用途

硫酸铬广泛应用于鞣制面革、摄影定影液中的坚膜剂、染料工业中生产活性红棕K-B3R、中性紫BL、中性橙RL和中性桃红BL等产品时的络合剂,印染工业作为媒染剂以及玻璃、陶瓷和搪瓷的釉药。此外,它还用作防剂,并应用于石油钻井等领域。

生产方法

硫酸铬可通过有机物还原法或二氧化硫还原法制备。

有机物还原法:将99%重铬酸钾与98%硫酸按理论比例溶解在明矾母液中,在搅拌下缓慢加入木屑进行还原。反应温度控制不超过80℃,反应结束后静置缓慢结晶。经离心分离后,用少量冷洗涤晶体,并低温干燥得到成品。其化学反应方程式为:2K₂Cr₂O₇ + 8H₂SO₄ + 40H₂O + 3C → 本品 + 3CO₂↑

母液和洗液可返回反应器,用以溶解重铬酸钾

反应信息

  • 作为产物:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    JITARU, IOANA;BATCA, AGNETA;GURAN, CORNELIA;DINCLLESCU, MAGDALENA;BICHER,+, BUL. INST. POLITEHN. BUCURESTI. SER. CHIM., 51,(1989) C. 47-56
    摘要:
    DOI:
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