Provided are new nickel./zirconium-mediated coupling reactions useful in the synthesis of ketone-containing compounds, e.g., halichondrin natural products and related molecules. A feature of the present disclosure is the use of a nickel(I) catalyst in tandem with a nickel (II) catalyst in the Ni/Zr-mediated coupling reactions. Without wishing to be bound by any particular theory, the nickel (I) catalyst selectively activates the electrophilic coupling partner (i.e., the compound of Formula (A)), and the nickel(ll) catalyst selectively activates the nucleophilic coupling partner (i.e., a thioester of Formula (B)). This dual catalyst system leads to improved coupling efficiency and eliminates the need for a large excess of one of the coupling partners (i.e., a compound of Formula (A) or (B)).
本文提供的是新的
镍/
锆介导的偶联反应,可用于合成含酮基化合物,例如海绵毒素
天然产物和相关分子。本公开的特点是在Ni/Zr介导的偶联反应中使用
镍(I)催化剂和
镍(II)催化剂。没有特定理论的约束,
镍(I)催化剂选择性地激活亲电偶联反应的配对体(即式(A)化合物),而
镍(II)催化剂选择性地激活亲核偶联反应的配对体(即式(B)的
硫酯)。这种双催化剂系统可以提高偶联效率,并消除了需要大量过量其中一种配对体(即式(A)或(B)化合物)的需要。