γ-Oxygenation of α,β-Unsaturated Esters by Vinylogous O-Nitroso Mukaiyama Aldol Reaction
摘要:
A practical procedure has been developed for gamma-oxygenation of alpha,beta-unsaturated esters by a vinylogous O-nitroso Mukaiyama aldol reaction followed by a one-pot N-O bond heterolysis of the in situ generated gamma-aminoxy-alpha,beta-unsaturated esters.
Regiochemical control in the preparation of 2-(nosyloxy) .beta.,.gamma.-unsaturated esters and 4-(nosyloxy) .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated esters from 1-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-1-alkoxy 1,3-dienes
摘要:
A series of 1-[(trialkylsilyl)oxy]-1-alkoxy 1,3-dienes 1a-i were found to react with p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl peroxide in the presence of sodium methoxide or zinc chloride to give alkyl 2-[[(p-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]oxy] beta-gamma-unsaturated esters 3 and alkyl 4-[[(p-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]oxy] alpha,beta-unsaturated esters 4 which are readily separable. The regioselectivity is determined by kinetic versus thermodynamic control. When positions 2 or 4 of the diene are unsubstituted, the 2-isomer is the major product and is the kinetically fastest formed product. It can be thermally rearranged to the more stable 4-isomer. When alkyl substituents are present at either the 2- or 4-positions, only the 4-isomer is obtained. Substitution for nosylate by amine nucleophiles occurs by an S(N)2 process. Thus 2-amino beta,gamma-unsaturated esters and 4-amino alpha,beta-unsaturated esters can be prepared from the appropriate starting nosylate.
Catalyticasymmetric vinylogous Mukaiyama reactions on ketones, leading to the formation of alpha,beta-unsaturated lactones with tertiary alcohols, have been described (11 examples, up to 93% ee). This methodology has been applied in a formal enantioselective synthesis of taurospongin A (12 steps, 6% overall yield).
Sulfoximines as Ligands in Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Vinylogous Mukaiyama-Type Aldol Reactions
作者:Pauline Rémy、Martin Langner、Carsten Bolm
DOI:10.1021/ol060077d
日期:2006.3.1
[reaction: see text] gamma,delta-Unsaturated alpha-hydroxy diesters with quaternary centers have been obtained with up to 99% ee in high yields using catalysts prepared from copper(II) triflate and C(1)-symmetric aminosulfoximines.
OMe) and a substituted enolate chain between SiMe3 and various CuI complexes was examined. Reaction mechanisms pass through a cyclic transition state in which the reaction coordinate is associated with rotation of the SiMe3 moiety. The dependence of the thermodynamic and kinetic features on the nature of the active and ancillary ligands was examined. Formation of copper enolate is shown to be favored
a Cu(II) salt and TBAT yielding the corresponding copper dienolate is addressed. A combined NMR and cyclic voltammetry analysis first highlight the role of TBAT in the Cu(II) to Cu(I) reduction and the structure of the precatalytic species. From these first results a second set of NMR and theoretical studies enable the determination of the structure and the mechanism of formation of the copper dienolate
讨论了甲硅烷基二烯酸酯,Cu(II)盐和TBAT的反应产生相应的二烯丙基铜的反应。NMR和循环伏安分析相结合,首先突出了TBAT在Cu(II)还原为Cu(I)和预催化物质结构中的作用。从这些第一结果中,第二组NMR和理论研究使得能够确定二烯酸铜铜催化物质的结构和形成机理。最后,我们表明,铜催化剂通过二烯醇铜中间体促进了甲硅烷基二烯醇盐前体的E / Z s-顺式/ s-反式平衡。所有这些结果揭示了催化的和不对称的乙烯基Mukaiyama反应的某些特性。
Stereospecific Hydrogenolysis of Lactones: Application to the Total Syntheses of (<i>R</i>)-<i>ar</i>-Himachalene and (<i>R</i>)-Curcumene
作者:Kim Spielmann、Renata Marcia de Figueiredo、Jean-Marc Campagne
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.7b00419
日期:2017.5.5
A straightforward strategy for the syntheses of curcumene and ar-himachalene is reported. Synthetic highlights include a catalytic and asymmetric vinylogous Mukaiyama reaction and a stereospecific hydrogenolysis of a tertiary benzylic center using Pd/C or Ni/Raney catalysts. Notably, using Ni/Raney, the stereoselectivity outcome (inversion vs retention) of the hydrogenolysis depends on the tertiary