Reactions of 2,4‐Dinitrophenyl 5‐substituted‐2‐thiophenecarboxylates with R
<sub>2</sub>
NH/R
<sub>2</sub>
NH
<sub>2</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
in 20 Mol % DMSO(aq). Effects of 5‐Thienyl Substituent and Leaving Group on the Reaction Mechanism
作者:Sang Yong Pyun、Kyu Cheol Paik、Man So Han、Bong Rae Cho
DOI:10.1002/bkcs.11857
日期:2019.10
Reactions of 2,4‐dinitrophenyl 2‐thiophenecarboxylate (2a–d) with R2NH/R2NH2+ in 20mol % DMSO(aq) have been studied. The reactions are overall second order, first order to the substrates, and first order to the nucleophiles. The Brönsted plots showed downward curves with pKa0 = 9.5, β1 = 0.22–0.34, and β2 = 0.85–0.92. The k1 values increased with a stronger electron‐withdrawing 5‐thienyl substituent
Photochromic naphtho [2,1-b]pyran compounds containing bithienyl or terthienyl substituents, process for their manufacture, and photochromic materials and articles obtained
申请人:Essilor International Compagnie Generale d'Optique
公开号:US06312811B1
公开(公告)日:2001-11-06
The photochromic compounds of the invention correspond to the formula:
in which Th2 represents a bithienyl group in one of the positions 5 to 10 of the naphthenic ring system system, R1 denotes a bithienyl or trithienyl group and R2 denotes a bithienyl, trithienyl, aryl, naphthyl, thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl or N-alkylpyrrolyl group.
3-substituted-2-oxindole derivatives as antiinflammatory agents
申请人:PFIZER INC.
公开号:EP0393936A1
公开(公告)日:1990-10-24
This invention relates to novel 3-substituted-2-oxindole derivatives which are inhibitors of prostaglandin H2 synthase, 5-lipoxygenase and interleukin-1 biosynthesis. The compounds of the invention are useful as inhibitors of prostaglandin H2 synthase and interleukin-1 biosynthesis, per se, and as analgesic, antiinflammatory and antiarthritic agents in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said 3-substituted-2-oxindole derivatives; to methods of inhibiting prostaglandin H2 synthase and biosynthesis of interleukin-1; and to treating chronic inflammatory diseases in a mammal with said compounds. Further, this invention relates to certain novel carboxylic acids useful as intermediates in the preparation of the 3-substituted-2-oxindole derivatives of this invention and to a process for the preparation of the 3-substituted-2-oxindole derivatives.
Discovery of <i>N</i>-[2-Hydroxy-6-(4-methoxybenzamido)phenyl]-4- (4-methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)benzamide (Darexaban, YM150) as a Potent and Orally Available Factor Xa Inhibitor
Inhibitors of factor Xa (FXa), a crucial serine protease in the coagulation cascade, have attracted a great deal of attention as a target for developing antithrombotic agents. We previously reported findings from our optimization study of a high-throughput screening (HTS) derived lead compound la that resulted in the discovery of potent amidine-containing FXa inhibitors represented by compound 2. We also conducted an alternative optimization study of la without incorporating a strong basic amidine group, which generally has an adverse effect on the pharmacokinetic profile after oral administration. Replacement of 4-methoxybenzene with a 1,4-benzodiazepine structure and introduction of a hydroxy group at the central benzene led to the discovery of the potent and orally effective factor Xa inhibitor 14i (darexaban, YM150). Subsequent extensive study revealed a unique aspect to the pharmacokinetic profile of this compound, wherein the hydroxy moiety of 141 is rapidly transformed into its glucuronide conjugate 16 (YM-222714) as an active metabolite after oral administration and it plays a major role in expression of potent anticoagulant activity in plasma. The distinctive, potent activity of inhibitor 14i after oral dosing was explained by this unique pharmacokinetic profile and its favorable membrane permeability. Compound 14i is currently undergoing clinical development for prevention and treatment of thromboembolic diseases.