We previously identified glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as one of the cyclic adenosine diphosphoribose (cADPR)'s binding proteins and found that GAPDH participates in cADPR‐mediated Ca2+ release from endoplasmic reticulum via ryanodine receptors (RyRs). Here, we aimed to chemically synthesise and pharmacologically characterise novel cADPR analogues. Based on the simulated cADPR–GAPDH complex structure, we performed the structure‐based drug screening, identified several small chemicals with high docking scores to cADPR's binding pocket in GAPDH and showed that two of these compounds, C244 and C346, are potential cADPR antagonists. We further synthesised several analogues of C346 and found that its analogue, G42, also mobilised Ca2+ release from lysosomes. G42 alkalised lysosomal pH and inhibited autophagosome–lysosome fusion. Moreover, G42 markedly inhibited Zika virus (ZIKV, a flavivirus) or murine hepatitis virus (MHV, a β‐coronavirus) infections of host cells. These results suggest that G42 inhibits virus infection, likely by triggering lysosomal Ca2+ mobilisation and inhibiting autophagy.
我们之前发现甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(GAPDH)是环磷酸腺苷(cADPR)的结合蛋白之一,并发现 GAPDH 通过雷诺丁受体(RyRs)参与了 cADPR 介导的内质网 Ca2+ 释放。在此,我们旨在化学合成新型 cADPR 类似物并对其进行药理学表征。根据模拟的 cADPR-GAPDH 复合物结构,我们进行了基于结构的药物筛选,确定了几种与 GAPDH 中的 cADPR 结合口袋对接得分较高的小分子化学物质,并证明其中的两种化合物 C244 和 C346 是潜在的 cADPR 拮抗剂。我们进一步合成了 C346 的几种类似物,发现其类似物 G42 也能动员溶酶体释放 Ca2+。G42 可碱化溶酶体 pH 值并抑制自噬体-溶酶体融合。此外,G42 还能明显抑制寨卡病毒(ZIKV,一种黄病毒)或小鼠肝炎病毒(MHV,一种β-冠状病毒)对宿主细胞的感染。这些结果表明,G42 可能通过引发溶酶体 Ca2+ 动员和抑制自噬来抑制病毒感染。