Axinellamines as Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Agents: Scalable Synthesis and Biology
摘要:
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria present an ongoing challenge to both chemists and biologists as they seek novel compounds and modes of action to out-maneuver continually evolving resistance pathways, especially against Gram-negative strains. The dimeric pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids represent a unique marine natural product class with diverse primary biological activity and chemical architecture. This full account traces the strategy used to develop a second-generation route to key spirocycle 9, culminating in a practical synthesis of the axinellamines and enabling their discovery as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents, with promising activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. While their detailed mode of antibacterial action remains unclear, the axinellamines appear to cause secondary membrane destabilization and impart an aberrant cellular morphology consistent with the inhibition of normal septum formation. This study serves as a rare example of a natural product initially reported to be devoid of biological activity surfacing as an active antibacterial agent with an intriguing mode of action.
Elektronenstossinduzierte fragmentierung von acetylenverbindungen—XII
作者:H. Schwarz、C. Köppel、F. Bohlmann
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)97065-6
日期:1974.1
In contradiction to previous concepts, electronimpactinducedmigrations of TMS-functions are possible in configuratively fixed systems, if electronimpact results in a change of the molecular geometry which causes an interaction of non-bonded centers. The bis-TMS-derivatives of 1,2-, 1,3-and 1,4-phenols can be distinguished clearly whereas for the phenols this is possible only with limitations.