申请人:Dow Corning Corporation
公开号:US05739218A1
公开(公告)日:1998-04-14
Radially layered copoly-dendrimers having unusual surface properties and novel applications have been synthesized and characterized. These are the first copolymeric dendrimers composed of a hydrophilic poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) interior with hydrophobic organosilicon surfaces. These dendrimers have been prepared by surface modifications of an ethylene diamine core PAMAM dendrimer with (3-acryloxypropyl)methyldimethoxysilane, (3-acryloxypropyl)bis(vinyldimethylsiloxy)methylsilane, (3-acryloxypropyl)tris(trimethylsiloxy)silane, chloromethyltrimethylsilane, and chloromethyldimethylvinylsilane, to varying degrees of surface coverage. The obtained products were characterized by .sup.1 H, .sup.13 C, and .sup.29 Si NMR, and by DSC and TGA. The dendrimers with less completely covered organosilicon surfaces are water soluble, and have considerable surface activity, the best of which lowered the surface tension of water to less than 30 mN/m. Areas in their surface, according to the Gibbs adsorption isotherm, are surprisingly small, i.e., of the order of 100 .ANG..sup.2 /mol. More completely hydrophobed dendrimers are water insoluble, and form spread monolayers on water, capable of sustaining surface pressures over 40 mN/m. Areas per molecule are in the 1,000 .ANG..sup.2 /mol range.
已经合成和表征了具有非常规表面性质和新颖应用的径向分层共聚树状分子。这些是第一个由亲水性聚酰胺胺(PAMAM)内部和疏水性有机硅表面组成的共聚树状分子。通过使用(3-丙烯氧基丙基)甲基二甲氧基硅烷、(3-丙烯氧基丙基)双(乙烯基二甲基硅氧基)甲基硅烷、(3-丙烯氧基丙基)三(三甲基硅氧基)硅烷、氯甲基三甲基硅烷和氯甲基二甲基乙烯基硅烷对乙二胺核心PAMAM树状分子进行表面修饰来制备这些树状分子,表面覆盖程度不同。所得产物通过1H、13C和29Si NMR、DSC和TGA进行了表征。表面覆盖程度较低的有机硅表面的树状分子是水溶性的,并具有相当的表面活性,其中最好的将水的表面张力降低到小于30 mN/m。根据吉布斯吸附等温线,在其表面的面积令人惊讶地小,即约为100 Å2/mol。表面完全疏水的树状分子是水不溶性的,并在水上形成扩展的单层,能够承受超过40 mN/m的表面压力。每个分子的面积在1,000 Å2/mol范围内。