烃类硝化物是指通过硝化反应将硝基(-NO₂)引入到碳氢化合物中的产物。这类化学物质在有机合成和工业生产中具有重要意义。常见的烃类包括烷烃、环烷烃、芳烃等,通过不同的反应条件可以得到一系列的硝化产物。
烃类硝化的机理单环芳烃硝化:
多环芳烃硝化:例如萘、蒽等。
烷烃硝化:
总之,烃类硝化物在化工、医药等多个领域都有重要应用。然而需要注意的是,由于硝基化合物本身的高活性和潜在危险性,在处理这些物质时必须采取严格的安全措施。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4-溴-3-硝基苯甲酸 | 4-bromo-3-nitrobenzoic acid | 6319-40-0 | C7H4BrNO4 |
| 4-溴-2-硝基苯酚 | 4-bromo-2-nitrophenol | 7693-52-9 | C6H4BrNO3 |
| 4-溴-2-硝基苯甲酸 | 4-bromo-2-nitrobenzoic acid | 99277-71-1 | C7H4BrNO4 |
| 4-溴-2-硝基苄醇 | (4-bromo-2-nitrophenyl)methanol | 22996-19-6 | C7H6BrNO3 |
| 4-溴-2,3-二甲基-6-硝基苯胺 | 4-bromo-2,3-dimethyl-6-nitroaniline | 108485-13-8 | C8H9BrN2O2 |
| 4-溴-1-氟-2-硝基苯 | 4-Bromo-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene | 364-73-8 | C6H3BrFNO2 |
| 4-氯-3-硝基苯磺酰氯 | 3-nitro-4-chlorosulfonyl chloride | 97-08-5 | C6H3Cl2NO4S |
| 4-氯-3-硝基苯甲醛 | 4-chloro-3-nitro-benzaldehyde | 16588-34-4 | C7H4ClNO3 |
| 4-氯-3-硝基苯甲醚 | 2-chloro-5-methoxynitrobenzene | 10298-80-3 | C7H6ClNO3 |
| 4-氯-3-硝基苯甲酸 | 4-chloro-3-nitrobenzoate | 96-99-1 | C7H4ClNO4 |
| 4-氯-3-硝基苯甲腈 | 4-chloro-3-nitrobenzonitrile | 939-80-0 | C7H3ClN2O2 |
| 4-氯-3-硝基肉桂酸 | (E)-4-chloro-3-nitrocinnamic acid | 20797-48-2 | C9H6ClNO4 |
| 4-氯-3,5-二硝基苯甲酸 | 4-chloro-3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid | 118-97-8 | C7H3ClN2O6 |
| 4-氯-2-碘硝基苯 | 4-chloro-2-iodo-1-nitrobenzene | 160938-18-1 | C6H3ClINO2 |
| 4-氯-2-硝基苯腈 | 4-chloro-2-nitrobenzonitrile | 34662-32-3 | C7H3ClN2O2 |
| 4-氯-2-硝基苯甲醚 | 4-chloro-2-nitroanisole | 89-21-4 | C7H6ClNO3 |
| 4-氯-1-碘-2-硝基苯 | 4-chloro-2-nitroiodobenzene | 5446-05-9 | C6H3ClINO2 |
| 4-氯-1-(2,4-二氯苯氧基)-2-硝基苯 | 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-nitrodiphenyl ether | 2392-48-5 | C12H6Cl3NO3 |
| 4-氨基-3-硝基苯甲腈 | 4-Amino 3-nitro-benzonitrile | 6393-40-4 | C7H5N3O2 |
| 4-氟-3-硝基苯甲腈 | 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzonitrile | 1009-35-4 | C7H3FN2O2 |
| 4-氟-3-硝基溴苄 | 4-(bromomethyl)-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene | 15017-52-4 | C7H5BrFNO2 |
| 4-氟-2-硝基苯甲腈 | 4-fluoro-2-nitrobenzonitrile | 80517-21-1 | C7H3FN2O2 |
| 4-氟-2-硝基-5-(三氟甲基)-苯胺 | 3-amino-6-fluoro-4-nitrobenzotrifluoride | 179062-05-6 | C7H4F4N2O2 |
| 4-叔丁基-2,6-二甲基硝基苯 | 2-Nitro-5-tert-butyl-m-xylene | 6279-89-6 | C12H17NO2 |
| 4-二氟甲基硝基苯 | 4-(difluoromethyl)nitrobenzene | 29848-57-5 | C7H5F2NO2 |
| 4-乙酰胺基-3-硝基苯甲酸 | 3-nitro-4-acetamidobenzoic acid | 1539-06-6 | C9H8N2O5 |
| 4-乙酰氨基-2-甲基硝基苯 | 4-acetamido-2-methylnitrobenzene | 51366-39-3 | C9H10N2O3 |
| 4-(叔丁基)-2-硝基苯胺 | 4-tert-butyl-2-nitroaniline | 6310-19-6 | C10H14N2O2 |
| 4-(二氟甲基)-1-氟-2-硝基苯 | 4-(difluoromethyl)-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene | 61324-89-8 | C7H4F3NO2 |
| 4-(4-硝基苯基)恶唑 | 4-(4-nitrophenyl)oxazole | 13382-61-1 | C9H6N2O3 |
| 4-(3-氨基-4-硝基苯基)吗啉 | 5-morpholino-2-nitroaniline | 54998-00-4 | C10H13N3O3 |
| 4-(2-(4-硝基苯氧基)乙基)吗啉 | 4-[2-(4-nitrophenoxy)ethyl]morpholine | 65300-53-0 | C12H16N2O4 |
| 4,7-二溴-5,6-二硝基苯并[c][1,2,5]噻二唑 | 4,7-dibromo-5,6-dinitrobenzo[2,1,3]thiadiazole | 76186-72-6 | C6Br2N4O4S |
| 4,5-二甲氧基-2-硝基苯甲酸 | 3-deoxy-D-ribo-hexono-1,4-lactone | 499-87-6 | C6H10O5 |
| 4,5-二氟-2-硝基苯甲酸 | 4,5-difluoro-2-nitrobenzoic acid | 20372-63-8 | C7H3F2NO4 |
| 4'-羟基-3'-硝基苯乙酮 | 4'-hydroxy-3'-nitroacetophenone | 6322-56-1 | C8H7NO4 |
| 3-羧基-5-硝基苯硼酸 | (3-carboxy-5-nitrophenyl)boronic acid | 101084-81-5 | C7H6BNO6 |
| 3-羟基-5-硝基苯腈 | 3-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzonitrile | 929000-02-2 | C7H4N2O3 |
| 3-羟基-4-硝基苯甲醛 | 5-formyl-2-nitrophenol | 704-13-2 | C7H5NO4 |
| 3-羟基-4-硝基苯甲酸甲酯 | methyl 3-hydroxy-4-nitrobenzoate | 713-52-0 | C8H7NO5 |
| 3-羟基-4-硝基苯甲腈 | 3-hydroxy-4-nitrobenzonitrile | 18495-15-3 | C7H4N2O3 |
| 3-硝基邻苯二腈 | 3-nitrobenzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile | 51762-67-5 | C8H3N3O2 |
| 3-硝基邻苯二甲酸 | 3-nitrophthalic acid | 603-11-2 | C8H5NO6 |
| 3-硝基苯磺酰氯 | 3-nitrobenzenesulphonyl chloride | 121-51-7 | C6H4ClNO4S |
| 3-硝基苯硼酸 | 3-Nitrophenylboronic acid | 13331-27-6 | C6H6BNO4 |
| 3-硝基苯乙酸 | 3-nitro-benzeneacetic acid | 1877-73-2 | C8H7NO4 |
| 3-硝基甲苯 | 1-methyl-3-nitrobenzene | 99-08-1 | C7H7NO2 |
| 3-硝基水杨酸甲酯 | 2-hydroxy-3-nitro-benzoic acid methyl ester | 22621-41-6 | C8H7NO5 |
| 3-硝基氯苯 | 3-Chloronitrobenzene | 121-73-3 | C6H4ClNO2 |
| 3-硝基-4-羟乙氨基甲苯 | 4-[(2'-hydroxyethyl)amino]-3-nitro-1-methylbenzene | 100418-33-5 | C9H12N2O3 |