磷酸锌 | 13847-22-8

• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 过渡金属氧阴离子化合物
• 中文名称: 磷酸锌
• 英文名称: Zinc phosphate
• 英文别名: trizinc;diphosphate
• CAS: 13847-22-8
• 化学式: O8P2Zn3
• 分子量: 386.1
• InChiKey: LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H

物化性质

• 物理描述：
  DryPowder; Liquid; OtherSolid, Liquid; WetSolid

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -5.66
• 重原子数：
  13
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  173
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  8

ADMET

代谢

锌可以通过肺部、皮肤和胃肠道进入人体。肠道对锌的吸收由锌载体蛋白CRIP控制。锌还与金属硫蛋白结合，帮助防止过量锌的吸收。锌广泛分布并在所有组织和组织液中找到，特别是在肝脏、胃肠道、肾脏、皮肤、肺、大脑、心脏和胰腺中。在血液中，锌存在于红细胞中的碳酸酐酶结合，以及血浆中的白蛋白、α2-巨球蛋白和氨基酸结合。白蛋白和氨基酸结合的锌可以扩散穿过组织膜。锌通过尿液和粪便排出体外。

Zinc can enter the body through the lungs, skin, and gastrointestinal tract. Intestinal absorption of zinc is controlled by zinc carrier protein CRIP. Zinc also binds to metallothioneins, which help prevent absorption of excess zinc. Zinc is widely distributed and found in all tissues and tissues fluids, concentrating in the liver, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, skin, lung, brain, heart, and pancreas. In the bloodstream zinc is found bound to carbonic anhydrase in erythrocytes, as well as bound to albumin, _2-macroglobulin, and amino acids in the the plasma. Albumin and amino acid bound zinc can diffuse across tissue membranes. Zinc is excreted in the urine and faeces. (L49)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

缺铁性贫血是由于锌的过度吸收抑制了铜和铁的吸收，这很可能是通过肠道粘膜细胞的竞争性结合实现的。铜和锌与铜锌超氧化物歧化酶结合的不平衡水平与肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）有关。胃酸能溶解金属锌，生成腐蚀性的氯化锌，这可能会损伤胃粘膜。金属烟雾热被认为是对吸入锌的免疫反应。（L48, L49, A49）

Anaemia results from the excessive absorption of zinc suppressing copper and iron absorption, most likely through competitive binding of intestinal mucosal cells. Unbalanced levels of copper and zinc binding to Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase has been linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Stomach acid dissolves metallic zinc to give corrosive zinc chloride, which can cause damage to the stomach lining. Metal fume fever is thought to be an immune response to inhaled zinc. (L48, L49, A49)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

对人类不具有致癌性（未被国际癌症研究机构IARC列名）。

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 健康影响

长期接触锌会导致贫血、共济失调、乏力，并降低体内良好胆固醇的水平。还认为它会导致胰腺和生殖损伤。

Chronic exposure to zinc causes anemia, atazia, lethargy, and decreases the level of good cholesterol in the body. It is also believed to cause pancreatic and reproductive damage. (L49)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 暴露途径

吸入 (L49)；口服 (L49)；经皮 (L49)

Inhalation (L49) ; oral (L49) ; dermal (L49)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 症状

大量摄入锌会导致胃痉挛、恶心和呕吐。急性吸入大量锌会导致金属烟雾热，其特点是寒战、发热、头痛、乏力、鼻和喉咙干燥、胸痛和咳嗽。锌与皮肤的接触会导致皮肤刺激。

Ingestion of large doses of zinc causes stomach cramps, nausea, and vomiting. Acute inhalation of large amounts of zinc causes metal fume fever, which is characterized by chills, fever, headache, weakness, dryness of the nose and throat, chest pain, and coughing. Dermal contact with zinc results in skin irritation. (L49)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

制备方法与用途

化学性质：无色斜方晶系结晶或白色微晶粉末，可溶于无机酸、氨水及铵盐溶液，不溶于乙醇，在水中几乎不溶且其溶解度随温度升高而降低。

用途：广泛用于医药和牙科用粘合剂，并应用于防锈漆和磷光体等领域。

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  sodium hydroxide 、 磷酸锌 生成 氢氧化锌
  参考文献：
  名称：

  KODZIMA, TAKASI;KANDA, MASATOMO;UMEHDZU, TAKEHXARU

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  磷酸二氢锌 生成 磷酸锌
  参考文献：
  名称：

  CHUMAEVSKIJ, V. A.;KASHINA, L. L., TEZ. DOKL. BCEC. SEMIN. ZHOSFAT. MATER. ZH. 2, APATITY,(1990) S. 166

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  锌 、 氟离子（F-） 、 、 磷酸肌酸 、 硝酸钾 、 亚硝酸盐 、 、 、 、 磷酸 在 镍 磷酸锌 、 水 、 铬酸 作用下， 以 水 为溶剂， 反应 0.2h， 生成 磷酸锌
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Post-treatment of conversion-coated metal surfaces

  摘要：

  本发明涉及一种用于转化涂层金属表面的后处理方法。所述水处理溶液包含三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂，最好包含植物鞣质，并且不含铬。使用含有三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂的溶液进行处理，可提供比水冲洗更好的耐腐蚀性能，而使用三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂和植物鞣质组合溶液进行处理，则可获得与商业稀释铬含量冲洗所获得的盐雾耐蚀性相当的腐蚀结果。

  公开号：

  US04039353A1

文献信息

• Synergistic corrosion inhibitor
  申请人：Gichuhi Tony

  公开号：US20050235873A1

  公开（公告）日：2005-10-27

  A non-toxic corrosion inhibitor and method comprising hydrotalcite or a hydrotalcite-like complexing agent and one or a combination of an organic or inorganic corrosion inhibitive complexing agent, provides improved corrosion protection on metal substrates and utilizes synergistic corrosion inhibitive mechanisms.

  一种不含毒性的腐蚀抑制剂和方法，包括水滑石或类似水滑石的络合剂和一种或多种有机或无机腐蚀抑制剂络合剂的组合，提供了对金属基底的改进的腐蚀保护，并利用协同的腐蚀抑制机制。
• Inorganic shaped bodies and methods for their production and use
  申请人：——

  公开号：US20030175321A1

  公开（公告）日：2003-09-18

  Shaped, preferably porous, inorganic bodies are provided which are prepared from a reactive blend. In accordance with one preferred embodiment, the solution is absorbed into a porous sacrificial substrate such as a cellulose sponge. The solution-saturated substrate is heated and an oxidation-reduction reaction occurs thereby forming an inorganic solid. A shaped, inorganic body is formed in situ. Optional, but preferred additional thermal treatment of the shaped, inorganic body removes the organic substrate, leaving an inorganic body that faithfully mimics the porosity, shape, and other physical characteristics of the organic substrate. Inorganic substrates may also be used to good effect. Large varieties of shaped bodies can be prepared in accordance with other embodiments of the invention and such shapes find wide use in surgery, laboratory and industrial processes and otherwise. The invention also provides chemically and morphologically uniform powders, including those having uniformly small sizes.

  本发明提供了一种由反应性混合物制备的形状优选为多孔的无机体。根据一种优选实施例，该溶液被吸收到多孔的牺牲性基质中，例如纤维素海绵中。该溶液饱和的基质被加热，氧化还原反应发生，从而形成无机固体。在原位形成一个形状的无机体。可选的，但是优选的附加热处理形状的无机体去除有机基质，留下一个无机体，其忠实地模拟有机基质的多孔性、形状和其他物理特性。无机基质也可以被有效地使用。根据本发明的其他实施例可以制备大量形状的体，并且这些形状在外科手术、实验室和工业过程以及其他领域中得到广泛应用。本发明还提供了化学和形态均匀的粉末，包括具有均匀小尺寸的粉末。
• Process for producing zinc phosphate
  申请人：——

  公开号：US04207301A1

  公开（公告）日：1980-06-10

  A process for producing zinc phosphate comprising treatment of zinc oxide with phosphoric acid in an aqueous medium at a temperature ranging from 70.degree. to 80.degree. in the presence of metallic zinc taken in an amount of from 1 to 10% by weight of zinc oxide, followed by separation of the resulting residue of zinc phosphate. It is possible to introduce zinc oxide and metallic zinc into the treatment process in a composition of zinc-containing wastes resulting from the production of formaldehyde sodium sulphoxylate or sodium hydrosulphite, or 2,2-hydroxy-5-methylphenylbenzotriazole. The yield of zinc phosphate is as high as 98%. The process of this invention makes it possible to produce zinc phosphate ensuring high protective and physico-mechanical properties of paint coatings based on synthetic binders. Thus, no signs of corrosion are observed on the coating based on epoxy resin and zinc phosphate produced by the process of this invention after tests for 6 months at temperatures of 20.degree. and 60.degree. C. in a 3% aqueous solution of sodium chloride. Adhesion of the coating to a metal surface as determined by the normal tearing-off method is 75-80 kg/cm.sup.2. The coating impact strength is as high as 35 kgf.cm and bending strength is 10 mm. Adhesion of a paint coating based on glyphthalic resin and zinc phosphate produced by the process of this invention to a metal surface is 80 kg/cm.sup.2. Impact strength of this coating is as high as 50 kgf.cm and bending strength is 1 mm.

  一种生产磷酸锌的方法，包括将氧化锌在水介质中与磷酸反应，在70℃至80℃的温度下，在锌氧化物的重量1%至10%的量的金属锌的存在下进行处理，然后分离所得的磷酸锌残渣。可以将氧化锌和金属锌以含锌废物的形式引入处理过程，其中该废物是甲醛亚磺酸钠或亚磺酸氢钠或2,2-羟基-5-甲基苯基苯并三唑的生产过程中产生的。磷酸锌的产量高达98％。本发明的方法可以生产磷酸锌，确保基于合成粘合剂的涂料涂层具有高的防护和物理机械性能。因此，在经过6个月的20℃和60℃的温度，在3％的氯化钠水溶液中进行测试后，使用本发明的方法生产的环氧树脂和磷酸锌涂层上没有观察到腐蚀迹象。通过正常撕裂法测定的涂层与金属表面的附着力为75-80 kg/cm²。涂层的冲击强度高达35 kgf.cm，弯曲强度为10 mm。使用本发明的方法生产的基于苯酚醛树脂和磷酸锌的涂层与金属表面的附着力为80 kg/cm²。该涂层的冲击强度高达50 kgf.cm，弯曲强度为1 mm。
• Process for forming phosphor screens with treated phosphors
  申请人：Hitachi, Ltd.

  公开号：US04276363A1

  公开（公告）日：1981-06-30

  A process for forming a phosphor screen of a color picture tube comprising forming a thin layer using a photosensitive composition which contains an aromatic diazonium salt as a photosensitive component and produces tackiness by exposure to actinic light on the surface of the substrate and contacting the tackified thin layer after exposure to light with phosphor particles to form each phosphor layer for emitting color is improved by using as the phosphor particles those coated with at least one surface coating material selected from the group consisting of Zn(OH).sub.2, Zn.sub.3 (PO.sub.4).sub.2 and AlPO.sub.4 in shortening the contact time between the thin layer and the phosphor particles.

  一种制备彩色显像管荧光屏幕的方法，包括使用一种含有芳香基重氮盐作为光敏组分的光敏组合物形成薄层，在曝光后表面产生粘性，并将曝光后的粘性薄层与荧光粉末接触以形成每个发射颜色的荧光层。本发明改进了这种方法，通过使用至少一种表面涂层材料所涂覆的荧光粉末，所述表面涂层材料从以下组中选择：Zn(OH).sub.2，Zn.sub.3(PO.sub.4).sub.2和AlPO.sub.4，缩短了薄层与荧光粉末之间的接触时间。
• Powdered metal composite material and starting material and method for producing such a composite material
  申请人：——

  公开号：US20020122942A1

  公开（公告）日：2002-09-05

  In order to state a powdered metal composite material having a high specific electrical resistance and having good mechanical strength, very good resistance to temperature and to fuel, and a starting material and a method for the economical production of such a composite material, a powdered metal composite material having a high specific electrical resistance, which contains at least two oxides encapsulating the powdered metal particles, the oxides forming at least one common phase, and a starting material containing a powdered metal, which contains at least two antitack agents having oxidic pyrolysis residue and oxidic fine powder, and a method for producing such a composite material are made available, which relate to a starting material of the kind named, in which the starting material is pressed to form molded articles, in which the antitack agents are pyrolyzed in a nonreducing atmosphere to form oxides, and the oxides then present are made to react with one another to form at least one common phase.

  为了描述一种具有高比电阻、良好机械强度、非常好的耐温性和耐燃性的粉末金属复合材料，以及一种经济生产这种复合材料的起始材料和方法，提供了一种具有高比电阻的粉末金属复合材料，其中包含至少两种氧化物封装的粉末金属颗粒，这些氧化物形成至少一个共同相，以及一种包含粉末金属的起始材料，其中包含至少两种具有氧化焦炭残留物和氧化细粉的防粘剂，并提供了生产这种复合材料的方法，相关起始材料被压缩成成型件，其中防粘剂在非还原气氛中热解成氧化物，然后存在的氧化物相互反应形成至少一个共同相。