Discovery of cycloalkyl-fused N-thiazol-2-yl-benzamides as tissue non-specific glucokinase activators: Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation
摘要:
Glucokinase (GK) activators are being developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, existing GK activators have risks of hypoglycemia caused by over-activation of GK in islet cells and dyslipidemia caused by over-activation of intrahepatic GK. In the effort to mitigate risks of hypoglycemia and dyslipidemia while maintaining the promising efficacy of GK activator, we investigated a series of cycloalkyl-fused N-thiazol-2-yl-benzamides as tissue non-specific partial GK activators, which led to the identification of compound 72 that showed a good balance between in vitro potency and enzyme kinetic parameters, and protected beta-cells from streptozotocin-induced apoptosis. Chronic treatment of compound 72 demonstrated its potent activity in regulation of glucose homeostasis and low risk of dyslipidemia with diabetic db/db mice in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Moreover, acute treatment of compound 72 did not induce hypoglycemia in C57BL/6J mice even at 200 mg/kg via oral administration. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
There are disclosed compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein the various substituents are defined hereinbelow, and, by virtue of their ability to inhibit interleukin 1, their use as antiinflammatory agents and in treatment of disease states involving enzymatic tissue destruction.