Zirconium sulfate | 14644-61-2

• 物质功能分类: 无机化工 - 无机盐 - 金属硫化物及硫酸盐
• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 过渡金属氧阴离子化合物
• 英文名称: Zirconium sulfate
• 英文别名: zirconium(4+);disulfate
• CAS: 14644-61-2；14475-73-1
• 化学式: O8S2Zr
• 分子量: 283.4
• InChiKey: ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J

物化性质

• 熔点：
  410°C
• 密度：
  3.22
• 溶解度：
  H2O：微溶（lit.）
• 物理描述：
  Anhydrous zirconium sulfate is a colorless microcrystalline solid. Zirconium sulfate is also obtained as a white crystalline tetrahydrate, ZrSO4.4H2O. Both forms are soluble in water and noncombustible. It is corrosive to aluminum. It is used in chemical analysis, as an additive for lubricants, and for many other uses.
• 颜色/状态：
  White crystals
• 稳定性/保质期：

  When heated to 70 °C for 2 hours ... zirconium sulfate solutions ... were considered unstable at metal concentrations below 0.64 M or at sulfur trioxide:zirconium oxide (SO3:ZrO2) ratios < 1.2. /Zirconium sulfate solutions/

• 分解：
  When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /sulfur oxides/.

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -2.68
• 重原子数：
  11
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  177
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  8

ADMET

毒理性

• 毒性总结

识别和使用：锆硫酸盐形成白色晶体。它用于制备用于植物油氢化的镍催化剂；用于羊毛织物的防火处理；作为化学试剂，在润滑剂和皮革鞣制中。锆硫酸盐已被确认为在液压破碎中作为交联剂使用。人类暴露和毒性：在审查时未发现人类研究。动物研究：从断奶到自然死亡期间，给大鼠口服锆（以5 ppm锆硫酸盐形式）未影响寿命、肿瘤发生率或器官体重比。已经研究了低剂量锆硫酸盐注射后锆的细胞内浓度位点。结果显示，锆独特地定位于淋巴结巨噬细胞的溶酶体中，与磷相关。在定义的浓度下，Zr(SO4)2可以作为淋巴细胞有丝分裂原，并增强免疫细胞的功能反应。

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Zirconium disulfate forms white crystals. it is used in the preparation of nickel catalyst for the hydrogenation of vegetable oil; used for flame-resistant treatment of wool fabric; as a chemical reagent, in lubricants, and tanning of leather. Zirconium sulfate has been identified as being used in hydraulic fracturing as a crosslinker. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: No human studies were found at time of review. ANIMAL STUDIES: Oral administration of zirconium (fed as 5 ppm zirconium sulfate) to rats from weaning until natural death failed to influence longevity, tumor incidence, or organ-to-body-weight ratios. Intracellular concentration sites of zirconium after injection of low doses of zirconium sulfate have been studied. Results show that zirconium is uniquely localized in the lysosomes of the lymph node macrophages where it is associated with phosphorus. At defined concentrations Zr(SO4)2 can both act as lymphocyte mitogens and augment the functional responsiveness of immune cells.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

/SRP:/ 立即急救：确保已经进行了充分的中和。如果患者停止呼吸，请开始人工呼吸，最好使用需求阀复苏器、球囊阀面罩设备或口袋面罩，按训练操作。如有必要，执行心肺复苏。立即用缓慢流动的水冲洗受污染的眼睛。不要催吐。如果患者呕吐，让患者身体前倾或将其置于左侧（如果可能，头部向下）以保持呼吸道畅通，防止吸入。保持患者安静，维持正常体温。寻求医疗救助。 /毒物A和B/

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

/SRP:/ 基本治疗：建立专利气道（如有需要，使用口咽或鼻咽气道）。如有必要，进行吸痰。观察呼吸不足的迹象，如有需要，协助通气。通过非循环呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。监测肺水肿，如有必要，进行治疗……。监测休克，如有必要，进行治疗……。预期癫痫发作，如有必要，进行治疗……。对于眼睛污染，立即用水冲洗眼睛。在运输过程中，用0.9%的生理盐水（NS）持续冲洗每只眼睛……。不要使用催吐剂。对于摄入，如果患者能够吞咽、有强烈的干呕反射且不流口水，则用温水冲洗口腔，并给予5毫升/千克，最多200毫升的水进行稀释……。在去污后，用干燥的无菌敷料覆盖皮肤烧伤……。/毒药A和B/

/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

/SRP:/ 高级治疗：对于昏迷、严重肺水肿或严重呼吸困难的病人，考虑进行口咽或鼻咽插管以控制气道。使用气囊面罩装置的正压通气技术可能有益。考虑使用药物治疗肺水肿……。对于严重的支气管痉挛，考虑给予β激动剂，如沙丁胺醇……。监测心率和必要时治疗心律失常……。开始静脉输注5%葡萄糖溶液（D5W），保持通路开放，最低流量/ SRP: "保持开放"，最低流量。如果出现低血容量的迹象，使用0.9%生理盐水（NS）或乳酸钠林格氏液（LR）。对于伴有低血容量迹象的低血压，谨慎给予液体。注意液体过载的迹象……。用地西泮（安定）或劳拉西泮（阿替伐）治疗癫痫……。使用丙美卡因氢氯化物协助眼部冲洗……。/毒物A和B/

/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) or lorazepam (Ativan) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 非人类毒性摘录

实验室动物：长期暴露或致癌性/ 通过口服给予锆（以5 ppm硫酸锆的形式）给从断奶到自然死亡的长 Evans 大鼠，未能影响其寿命、肿瘤发生率或器官与体重比率。

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Chronic Exposure or Carcinogenicity/ Oral administration of zirconium (fed as 5 ppm zirconium sulfate) to Long-Evans rats from weaning until natural death failed to influence longevity, tumor incidence, or organ-to-body-weight ratios.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

在将数百只长埃文斯大鼠终身暴露于含有5 ppm锆硫酸的饮用水后，通过使用氯醌酸的分光光度法并未发现锆持续从胃肠道被吸收的实验证据；实际上，雄性大鼠肾脏中的锆浓度低于对照组，对照组的饮食与处理组相同，含有2.66 ppm的锆。肝脏和肺部与对照组相比略有增加，分别为0.7%和1%，然而心脏和脾脏的增加分别为9.4%和32%，在五种组织中的平均沉积率为9.9%。雌性大鼠的平均组织分布仅为2.6%，与对照组相比，脾脏中的锆含量减少了2.4%，呈现出显著的差异。

After exposing several hundred Long-Evans rats to drinking water containing 5 ppm zirconium sulfate for a lifetime, ... no analytical evidence /was found/ by a spectrophotometric method using chloranilic acid that zirconium was consistently absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; indeed, the zirconium concentration in the male rat kidney was less than that of controls whose diet, like that of the treated, contained 2.66 ppm zirconium. The liver and the lung showed a slight increase of 0.7 and 1%, however, over that of controls, but the heart and spleen showed increases of 9.4 and 32%, with an average deposition in the five tissues of 9.9%. Females, with an average tissue distribution of only 2.6%, showed the striking difference of 2.4% less zirconium in the spleen than in the controls.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

• TSCA：
  Yes
• 危险等级：
  8
• 危险品标志：
  C
• 安全说明：
  S26,S27,S36/37/39,S45
• 危险类别码：
  R34
• 危险品运输编号：
  UN 3264 8/PG 3
• 海关编码：
  2842909090
• 危险类别：
  8
• RTECS号：
  ZH9100000
• 包装等级：
  II

制备方法与用途

简介

硫酸锆高于800℃时会分解出ZrO2。它溶于水和硫酸，并且微溶于乙醇而不溶于碳氢化合物，在水中溶解时会释放大量热量，其水溶液呈强酸性。

应用

硫酸锆可用作白色皮革鞣革剂，使皮革表面细腻、富有弹性；也可作为制备锆化合物的原料，用于生产润滑剂、催化剂载体等。

制备方法

硫酸锆可通过二氧化锆与硫酸反应得到：

[ \text{ZrO}_2 + 2\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 + x\text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{Zr(SO}_4)_2\cdot x\text{H}_2\text{O } ]

所得水合物为锆原子7配位或8配位的配合物，水和硫酸根均为配体。

水中溶解度

每100毫升水中溶解度：

• 52.5g/20℃

化学性质

该产品是一种白色粉末，易溶于水且其水溶液呈酸性。它能够与胶原中的精氨酸结合产生鞣制作用。

用途

• 鞣制白色皮革。
• 用于铬鞣革的复鞣。
• 与砜桥型合成鞣剂配合代替栲胶鞣制鞋里革、家具革和底革，使得成品毛孔细致、丰满且富有弹性，并具有良好的填充性和耐磨性。
• 用作催化剂。
• 用于鞣制高级皮革及制备其他锆化合物的中间品。
• 还可用于鱼肝油脱色剂、沉淀离析氨基酸（如谷氨酸）等。

生产方法 共熔法

以锆英石、纯碱和硫酸为原料制备硫酸锆：

1. 将锆英石精矿粉碎后与碳酸钠按比例混合，投入焙烧炉中，在1100～1200℃下反应生成锆酸钠和硅酸钠。
2. 经焙烧的熟料用60℃温水洗涤，洗去过量碱，并过滤。
3. 在80～100℃温度下使用硫酸酸溶滤饼，然后进行蒸发、浓缩或补加浓硫酸结晶分离，在180℃下干燥脱水制得。

另一种生产方法

• 将计量的锆鞣剂ZS加入到酸解釜中，并添加酸分解。
• 离心分享去除杂质。
• 滤液放入蒸发锅内浓缩至粘稠状，进行喷雾干燥得到成品。

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  Zirconium sulfate 以60%的产率得到
  参考文献：
  名称：

  SIBAYAMA, MITSUAKI;TAKATSU, AKIO

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  三辛胺 生成 Zirconium sulfate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  CHEKMAREV, A. M.;CHIBRIKINA, E. I.;MRNKA, M., SOTRUDNICHESTVO MOSK. XIM.-TEXNOL. IN-TA IM. D. I. MENDELEEVA S PRAZH. XI+

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• Process for producing antimicrobial compounds
  申请人：Toagosei Chemical Industry Co., Inc., Ltd.

  公开号：US05441717A1

  公开（公告）日：1995-08-15

  A process for producing an antimicrobial compound represented by the following formula [1]: M.sup.1.sub.a H.sub.b A.sup.1.sub.c M.sup.2.sub.2 (PO.sub.4).sub.3.nH.sub.2 O [1] wherein M.sup.1 is at least one metal ion selected from silver, copper, zinc, tin, mercury, lead, iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, barium, cadmium and chromium, A.sup.1 is at least one ion selected from alkali metal ion and alkaline earth metal ion, M.sup.2 is a tetravalent metal, n is a number which satisfies 0.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.6, a and b are positive numbers and c is 0 or a positive number, and a, b and c satisfy ka+b+mc=1 where k is a valence of M.sup.1 and m is a valence of A.sup.1, by supporting at least one metal ion selected from silver, copper, zinc, tin, mercury, lead, iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, barium, cadmium and chromium on a phosphate represented by the following formula [2]: A.sup.2.sub.d M.sup.2.sub.2 (PO.sub.4).sub.3.nH.sub.2 O [2] wherein A.sup.2 is at least one ion selected from alkali metal ion, alkaline earth metal ion and ammonium ion, M.sup.2 and n are as defined above and d is 1/m' where m' is a valence of A.sup.2, characterized in that said phosphate is synthesized by a wet process and furthermore characterized in that a step of supporting hydrogen ion and a step of firing at 500.degree. to 1300.degree. C. are employed.

  一种生产抗微生物化合物的工艺，其由以下式[1]表示：M.sup.1.sub.a H.sub.b A.sup.1.sub.c M.sup.2.sub.2 (PO.sub.4).sub.3.nH.sub.2 O [1]，其中M.sup.1是从银、铜、锌、锡、汞、铅、铁、钴、镍、锰、砷、锑、铋、钡、镉和铬中选择的至少一种金属离子，A.sup.1是从碱金属离子和碱土金属离子中选择的至少一种离子，M.sup.2是四价金属，n是满足0≤n≤6的数字，a和b是正数，c是0或正数，且a、b和c满足ka+b+mc=1，其中k是M.sup.1的化合价，m是A.sup.1的化合价，通过将至少一种从银、铜、锌、锡、汞、铅、铁、钴、镍、锰、砷、锑、铋、钡、镉和铬中选择的金属离子支持在以下式[2]表示的磷酸盐上：A.sup.2.sub.d M.sup.2.sub.2 (PO.sub.4).sub.3.nH.sub.2 O [2]，其中A.sup.2是从碱金属离子、碱土金属离子和铵离子中选择的至少一种离子，M.sup.2和n如上所定义，d是1/m'，其中m'是A.sup.2的化合价，其特征在于所述磷酸盐是通过湿法合成的，并且进一步特征在于采用了支持氢离子的步骤和在500°C至1300°C烧结的步骤。
• Process for cleaving the by-products of the direct synthesis of
  申请人：Rhone-Poulenc Chimie

  公开号：US05627297A1

  公开（公告）日：1997-05-06

  The process for cleaving the heavy by-products derived from the synthesis of alkylchlorosilanes, in particular C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkylchlorosilanes, more particularly methylchlorosilanes, in particular for the cleavage of alkylchlorodisilanes, in particular methylchlorodisilanes having from one to five chlorine atoms, is carried out by treatment with hydrochloric acid in the presence of a catalytic system which comprises at least one metal phosphate, preferably associated with a basic impregnation compound. The metal phosphate may in particular correspond to the formula: M(XPO.sub.4).sub.y in which M represents a metal chosen from: monovalent metals, in which case X is 2H and y=1 divalent metals, in which case X is H and y=1 trivalent metals, in which case X is absent and y=1 tetravalent metals, in which case X is: H and y=2 pentavalent metals, in which case X is 0 and y=1.

  从合成烷基氯硅烷的重质副产物中裂解的过程，特别是C.sub.1至C.sub.6烷基氯硅烷，更特别是甲基氯硅烷的裂解，特别是用于裂解具有一到五个氯原子的烷基氯二硅烷，通过在催化体系的存在下用氢氯酸处理来进行。该催化体系包括至少一种金属磷酸盐，优选与碱性浸渍化合物结合。金属磷酸盐可以特别对应于以下公式：M（XPO.sub.4）.sub.y，其中M表示所选金属：一价金属，此时X为2H且y=1；二价金属，此时X为H且y=1；三价金属，此时X不存在且y=1；四价金属，此时X为H且y=2；五价金属，此时X为0且y=1。
• Antimicrobial composition
  申请人：Toagosei Co., Ltd.

  公开号：US05698229A1

  公开（公告）日：1997-12-16

  An antimicrobial composition, characterized by containing an inorganic compound on which silver ion is supported and a compound represented by the following formula \x9b2!: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group and R.sup.2 is hydrogen or an alkali metal.

  一种抗微生物组合物，其特征在于包含一种无机化合物，其上支持银离子，并且一种由以下式表示的化合物：\x9b2!：##STR1##其中R.sup.1是氢或较低的烷基，R.sup.2是氢或碱金属。
• Zirconium phosphate, hafnium phosphate and method of making same
  申请人：——

  公开号：US20040007532A1

  公开（公告）日：2004-01-15

  The invention relates to zirconium phosphate of H form which is characterized by a 31 P NMR spectra comprising peaks at −4.7 ppm, −12.8 ppm and −17.0 ppm (all peaks being in a range of ±0.5 ppm). Also featured is a Na form of the material. The zirconium phosphate material is characterized by a unique surface area, pore size distribution and surface morphology, as well as by an affinity for NH 4 + ions and moisture insensitivity. Also featured is hafnium phosphate characterized by moisture insensitivity. The zirconium phosphate may be amorphous and possess a framework-type structure. The inventive method of making zirconium phosphate includes the steps of heating an aqueous mixture including a zirconium compound and a phosphorous-containing reagent at a temperature of at least 120° C. to form a reaction product, and treating the reaction product with acid at a temperature of at least 60° C.

  本发明涉及一种H型锆磷酸盐，其特征在于31P NMR谱图包含在-4.7 ppm，-12.8 ppm和-17.0 ppm（所有峰值在±0.5 ppm范围内）的峰。该材料还具有一种Na形式。锆磷酸盐材料具有独特的表面积、孔径分布和表面形态，以及对NH4+离子的亲和力和对水分的不敏感性。本发明还涉及一种以不敏感于水分为特征的铪磷酸盐。锆磷酸盐可以是无定形的，并具有框架型结构。本发明的制备锆磷酸盐的方法包括以下步骤：在至少120°C的温度下加热包括锆化合物和含磷试剂的水溶液混合物以形成反应产物，并在至少60°C的温度下用酸处理反应产物。
• Zirconia porous body and manufacturing method thereof
  申请人：Okamoto Hiroshi

  公开号：US20060018822A1

  公开（公告）日：2006-01-26

  A zirconia porous body with excellent stability of heat resistance is manufactured. This relates to a zirconia porous body having peaks at pore diameters of 8 to 20 nm and 30 to 100 nm in a pore distribution based on the BJH method, with a total pore volume of 0.4 cc/g or more, and to a zirconia porous body having a peak at a pore diameters of 20 to 110 nm in a pore distribution based on the BJH method, with a total pore volume of 0.4 cc/g or more.

  制造了一种具有优异热稳定性的氧化锆多孔体。该多孔体的孔径分布基于BJH法，具有8到20纳米和30到100纳米的孔径峰值，总孔体积为0.4 cc/g或更大。此外，该多孔体还具有基于BJH法的孔径分布中20到110纳米的孔径峰值，总孔体积为0.4 cc/g或更大。