Use of Medium-Sized Cycloalkyl Rings To Enhance Secondary Binding: Discovery of a New Class of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Protease Inhibitors
摘要:
A unique strategy for the enhancement of secondary binding of an inhibitor to an enzyme has been demonstrated in the design of new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors. When the planar benzene ring of a 4-hydroxycoumarin lead compound (1a, K-1 = 0.800 mu M) was replaced with medium-sized (i.e., 7-9), conformationally-flexible, alkyl rings, the enzyme inhibitory activity of the resulting compounds was dramatically improved, and inhibitors with more than 50-fold better binding (e.g., 5d, K-i = 0.015 mu M) were obtained. X-ray crystal structures of these inhibitors complexed with HIV protease indicated the cycloalkyl rings were able to fold into the S1' pocket of the enzyme and fill it much more effectively than the rigid benzene ring of the 4-hydroxycoumarin compound. This work has resulted in the identification of a promising lead structure for the design of potent, deliverable HIV protease inhibitors. Compound 5d, a small (MW = 324), nonpeptidic structure, has already shown several advantages over peptidic inhibitors, including high oral bioavailability (91-99%), a relatively long half-life (4.9 h), and ease of synthesis (three steps).
4-HYDROXY-BENZOPYRAN-2-ONES AND 4-HYDROXY-CYCLOALKYL B]PYRAN-2-ONES USEFUL TO TREAT RETROVIRAL INFECTIONS
申请人:THE UPJOHN COMPANY
公开号:EP0682663A1
公开(公告)日:1995-11-22
[EN] 4-HYDROXY-BENZOPYRAN-2-ONES AND 4-HYDROXY-CYCLOALKYL[B]PYRAN-2-ONES USEFUL TO TREAT RETROVIRAL INFECTIONS<br/>[FR] 4-HYDROXY-BENZOPYRANE-2-ONES ET 4-HYDROXY-CYCLOALKYLE-[B]PYRANE-2-ONES UTILES POUR LE TRAITEMENT DES INFECTIONS RETROVIRALES
申请人:THE UPJOHN COMPANY
公开号:WO1994018188A1
公开(公告)日:1994-08-18
(EN) The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) which are 4-hydroxy-benzopyran-2-ones and 4-hydroxy-cycloalkyl[b]pyran-2-ones useful for inhibiting a retrovirus in a mammalian cell infected with said retrovirus. In formula (I) R10 and R20 taken together are formula (II) or formula (III).(FR) Composés de la formule (I) correspondant à des 4-hydroxy-benzopyrane-2-ones et à des 4-hydroxy-cycloalkyle[b]pyrane-2-ones employés pour l'inhibition d'un rétrovirus dans une cellule de mammifère infectée par ledit rétrovirus. Dans la formule (I) R10 et R20 considérés ensemble sont (II) ou (III).