Rhodium‐Catalyzed
<i>ortho</i>
‐Arylation of (Hetero)aromatic Acids
作者:Philip Weber、Christian K. Rank、Enis Yalcinkaya、Marco Dyga、Tim van Lingen、Rochus Schmid、Frederic W. Patureau、Lukas J. Gooßen
DOI:10.1002/adsc.201900596
日期:2019.9.3
Rhodium acetate effectively promotes the carboxylate‐directed ortho‐arylation of (hetero)aromatic carboxylates with aryl bromides. The main advantage of this phosphine‐free, redox‐neutral method arises from its efficiency in assembling biologically meaningful electron‐rich arylpyridines, which are problematic substrates in known C−H arylations using Pd, Ru, and Ir catalysts.
The invention relates to novel trans-3-aza-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane derivatives of formula (I), wherein A, B, n and R
1
are as described in the description, and to the use of such compounds, or of pharmaceutically acceptable salts of such compounds, as medicaments, especially as orexin receptor antagonists.
In Silico-Aided Design of a Glycan Ligand of Sialoadhesin for in Vivo Targeting of Macrophages
作者:Corwin M. Nycholat、Christoph Rademacher、Norihito Kawasaki、James C. Paulson
DOI:10.1021/ja307501e
日期:2012.9.26
Cell-specific delivery of therapeutic agents using ligand targeting is gaining interest because of its potential for increased efficacy and reduced side effects. The challenge is to develop a suitable ligand for a cell-surface receptor that is selectively expressed on the desired cell. Sialoadhesin (Sn, Siglec-1, CD169), a sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec) expressed on subsets of resident and inflammatory macrophages, is an attractive target for the development of a ligand-targeted delivery system. Here we report the development of a high-affinity and selective ligancl for Sn that is an analogue of the natural ligand and is capable of targeting liposomal nanoparticles to Sn-expressing cells in vivo. An efficient in silico screen of a library of similar to 8400 carboxylic acids was the key to identifying novel 9-N-acyl-substituted N-acetylneuramic acid (Neu5Ac) substituents as potential lead compounds. A small panel of targets were selected from the screen and synthesized to evaluate their affinities and selectivities. The most potent of these Sn ligands, (4H-thieno[3,2-c]chromene-2-carbamoyl)-Neu5Ac alpha 2-3Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc ((TCC)Neu5Ac), was conjugated to lipids for display on a liposomal nanoparticle for evaluation of targeted delivery to cells. The (TCC)Neu5Ac liposomes were found to target liposomes selectively to cells expressing either murine or human Sn in vitro, and when administered to mice, they exhibited in vivo targeting to Sn-positive macrophages.