α,α,β-Trimethyl-β-chlorethyl-Radikal | 41895-38-9

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机磷化合物
• 英文名称: α,α,β-Trimethyl-β-chlorethyl-Radikal
• 英文别名: 2-chloro-1,1-dimethyl-propyl
• CAS: 41895-38-9
• 化学式: C₅H₁₀Cl
• 分子量: 105.587
• InChiKey: FLVLRTHSUPXAGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2-甲基-2-丁烯 在 Cl₂ radical anion 作用下， 以 水 、 乙腈 为溶剂， 生成 α,α,β-Trimethyl-β-chlorethyl-Radikal
  参考文献：
  名称：

  氯（1-）自由基与不饱和醇和烃在水溶液和乙腈/水溶液中反应的速率常数和温度效应

  摘要：

  Absolute rate constants for reactions of the dichlorine radical anion, Cl2.-, with unsaturated alcohols and hydrocarbons have been measured at various temperatures. The alcohol reactions were measured in aqueous solutions and the hydrocarbon reactions in 1:1 aqueous acetonitrile (ACN) solutions. The rate constants for two alcohols and one hydrocarbon were also examined as a function of solvent composition. The room temperature rate constants varied between 10(6) and 10(9) M-1 s-1. The pre-exponential factors, A, were about (1-5) x 10(9) M-1 s-1 for the alcohols in aqueous solutions and about (0 1-1) x 10(9) M-1 s-1 for the hydrocarbons in aqueous ACN solutions. The activation energies, E(a), varied considerably, between 4 and 12 kJ mol-1 for the alcohols and between 2 and 8 kJ mol-1 for the hydrocarbons. The rate constants, k298, decrease with increasing ionization potential (IP) of the unsaturated compound, in agreement with an electrophilic addition mechanism. The activation energies for the unsaturated alcohols decrease when the IP decreases from 9.7 to 9.1 eV but appear to level off at lower IP. Most alkenes studied had IP < 9.1 eV and showed little change in E(a). Upon addition of ACN to the aqueous solution, the values of log k298 decreased linearly by more than 1 order of magnitude with increasing ACN mole fraction. This decrease appears to result from a combination of changes in the activation energy and in the pre-exponential factor. The reason for these changes may lie in changes in the solvation shell of the Cl2.- radical, which will affect the A factor, in combination with changes in solvation of Cl-, which will affect the energetics of the reactions as well.

  DOI：

  10.1021/j100187a033