磷灰石

• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 碱土金属氧阴离子化合物
• 中文名称: 磷灰石
• 中文别名: 磷灰石,天然矿物,晶粒,大约0.06-0.19IN
• 英文名称: Pentacalcium fluoride tris(phosphate)
• 英文别名: pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate
• 化学式: Ca5FO12P3
• 分子量: 504.3
• InChiKey: VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -13.37
• 重原子数：
  21
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  259
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  13

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  磷灰石 、 磷酸 在 CaO 作用下， 以to provide a ratio of P2O5 to CaO的产率得到四磷十氧化物
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Granulated fertilizer and slurry process therefor

  摘要：

  一种生产颗粒肥料的连续工艺，其中碎磷石、磷酸和水被引入预反应器中进行加热。混合物被连续取出并转移到消化器中，继续加热，形成浆料。浆料被连续取出并分成两个流，其中一个流被回收到预反应器或消化器，另一个流被输送到制粒机中，与其他肥料成分混合并干燥成颗粒肥料。

  公开号：

  US04528021A1
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  磷酸 、 硫酸 、 calcium carbonate 以 磷灰石 为溶剂， 生成 calcium sulfate 、 二氧化碳
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Phosphoric acid process with high circulation rates

  摘要：

  磷酸是通过使用包括溶解浆和结晶浆的反应列，通过磷酸盐岩和硫酸的反应制备而成，该反应列在不同的硫酸盐水平下维持。高速度使用内部和间隔循环来最小化试剂浓度梯度和温度梯度，并提供适宜的结晶环境。最好是，内部循环在很大程度上是塞流，如通过引流管。

  公开号：

  US04277448A1

文献信息

• Purification of phosphoric acid with oxalic acid
  申请人：Tennessee Valley Authority

  公开号：US04169882A1

  公开（公告）日：1979-10-02

  Impure wet-process phosphoric acid is treated with urea by known processes to produce relatively pure urea phosphate which is then treated with oxalic acid to give solid urea oxalate and purified phosphoric acid product. The urea oxalate is either treated with ammonia to give urea and ammonium oxalate or it is pyrolyzed to produce urea and oxamide.

  不纯的湿法磷酸通过已知的方法与尿素反应，得到相对纯的尿素磷酸，然后用草酸处理，得到固体的尿素草酸和纯化的磷酸产品。尿素草酸可以被氨处理成尿素和草酸铵，或者被热解成尿素和草酰胺。
• Process for making phosphoric acid
  申请人：Davy McKee Corporation

  公开号：US04402923A1

  公开（公告）日：1983-09-06

  A phosphate rock slurry, which may be used in the production of wet process phosphoric acid, is provided by wet grinding the rock with partially neutralized, acid water. In one aspect, wet process phosphoric acid is made by advantageously recycling mineral acid waste water effluent of the process. All or a portion of the effluent can be at least partially neutralized with neutralizing agent, e.g., by contact with the base-forming constituents of phosphate rock or extraneous neutralizing agent, e.g., preferably ammonia, to provide a mixture which is wet ground to produce a processable slurry. In one particularly preferred aspect, all of the acid water is at least partially neutralized with phosphate rock and a portion of this acid water is advantageously further neutralized with an extraneous neutralizing agent. The slurry is provided by such neutralization at a pH compatible with the milling, e.g., grinding, media utilized. The use of acid water permits the use of mixtures having high solids content in the mill and thus also reduces the amount of water required to wet grind the mixture. The wet ground processable phosphate rock slurry is advantageously used in the production of phosphoric acid and recycle mineral acid waste water effluent from the process is used in wet grinding phosphate rock and as part of the overall water balance control of the process.

  通过使用部分中和的酸性水与磷酸盐岩湿磨，可以提供可用于湿法磷酸生产的磷酸盐岩浆。在一个方面，通过有利地回收过程中的矿酸废水流来制造湿法磷酸。废水流的全部或一部分可以至少部分中和中和剂，例如，通过与磷酸盐岩的碱性成分或外部中和剂（例如优选的氨）接触，以提供可湿磨的混合物。在一个特别优选的方面，所有的酸性水都至少部分中和了磷酸盐岩，并且这些酸性水的一部分有利地进一步被外部中和剂中和。通过这样的中和，可以在与磨削介质相容的pH下提供浆料。使用酸性水允许在磨机中使用具有高固体含量的混合物，从而也减少了湿磨混合物所需的水量。湿磨可加工的磷酸盐岩浆有利地用于生产磷酸，并且过程中回收的矿酸废水流用于湿磨磷酸盐岩和作为过程的总水平衡控制的一部分。
• Production of stabilized wet process phosphoric acid
  申请人：W. R. Grace & Co.

  公开号：US04164550A1

  公开（公告）日：1979-08-14

  Treatment of wet process phosphoric acid to inhibit post-precipitation by steps including addition of an aluminum silicate material such as perlite or the like to dilute acid from which a major portion of solids has been removed, concentration of the resulting dilute acid, and removal of resulting precipitate.

  对湿法磷酸进行处理以抑制后沉淀，包括以下步骤：向已去除大部分固体的稀酸中加入铝硅酸盐材料，如珍珠岩或类似物质，浓缩所得的稀酸，并去除所得的沉淀。
• Hemihydrate type phosphoric acid process
  申请人：Occidental Petroleum Corporation

  公开号：US04196172A1

  公开（公告）日：1980-04-01

  Phosphate rock and sulfuric acid are reacted under conditions which result in the formation of calcium sulfate hemihydrate and phosphoric acid of about 35% to about 55% P.sub.2 O.sub.5. A two vessel reaction system is used in which the reaction slurry undergoes intra- and inter- vessel circulation (preferably through a draft tube). The solution portion of the slurry in the first vessel (the "dissolver") is preferably maintained at a negative sulfate concentration (i.e. excess Ca.sup.+2) and the solution in the second vessel (the "crystallizer") is preferably maintained at a positive sulfate ion concentration. Also preferred is that the second vessel be maintained at a reduced pressure, (e.g. to provide evaporation cooling). Better filtration rates can thus be obtained due to the favorable shape, dominant size and size distribution of the hemihydrate crystals. Most preferred is that a crystal modifier (e.g. a sulfonic acid, a sulfonic acid salt, tall oil fatty acids or alkoxylated or esterified tall oil fatty acids) be present in the crystallizer. Surprisingly, the sulfuric acid used in the process can be less (e.g., 0.5-10%) than the stoichiometric amount to convert the calcium in the feed phosphate rock to calcium sulphate.

  磷酸岩和硫酸在一定条件下反应，形成半水合硫酸钙和约35％至55％ P.sub.2 O.sub.5 的磷酸。使用两个反应器系统，反应浆料在其中进行内部和间隔循环（最好通过引流管）。第一个反应器（“溶解器”）中的溶液部分最好保持负硫酸盐浓度（即过量的Ca.sup.+2），第二个反应器（“结晶器”）中的溶液最好保持正硫酸盐浓度。还更喜欢将第二个反应器维持在降低的压力下（例如提供蒸发冷却）。由于半水合硫酸钙晶体的有利形状，主导尺寸和尺寸分布，因此可以获得更好的过滤速率。最好在结晶器中加入晶体改性剂（例如磺酸，磺酸盐，松香油脂肪酸或烷基化或酯化的松香油脂肪酸）。令人惊讶的是，用于该过程的硫酸可以比将进料磷酸岩中的钙转化为硫酸钙所需的化学计量量少（例如0.5-10％）。
• Hemihydrate type process for phosphoric acid manufacture using additive
  申请人：Occidental Petroleum Corporation

  公开号：US04220630A1

  公开（公告）日：1980-09-02

  When sulfate ions and a solution of monocalcium phosphate are reacted under conditions which result in the formation of a slurry comprising calcium sulfate hemihydrate and phosphoric acid of about 35% to about 55% P.sub.2 O.sub.5, filtration is improved when a sulfonic acid, a sulfonic acid salt, tall oil fatty acid or alkoxylated or esterified tall oil fatty acid and mixtures thereof is present in the slurry (preferably at 1-1000 ppm). Preferably a two vessel reaction system is used in which the reaction slurry undergoes intra- and inter- vessel circulation (preferably through a draft tube). The solution portion of the slurry in the first vessel (the "dissolver") is preferably maintained at a negative sulfate concentration (i.e. excess Ca.sup.+2) and the solution in the second vessel (the "crystallizer") is preferably maintained at a positive sulfate ion concentration, most preferably at a reduced pressure, (e.g. to provide evaporative cooling). Better filtration rates can thus be obtained due to the lower viscosity of the slurry and/or favorable shape, dominant size and size distribution of the hemihydrate crystals.

  当硫酸根离子和一种单一磷酸钙溶液在产生半水合硫酸钙和约35％至55％P.sub.2 O.sub.5的磷酸的浆状物的条件下反应时，当浆状物中存在磺酸，磺酸盐，松香油脂肪酸或烷基化或酯化的松香油脂肪酸及其混合物时（最好在1-1000 ppm），过滤效果得到改善。最好使用两个反应器系统，在这种系统中，反应浆液经历内部和外部循环（最好通过引流管）。第一个容器（“溶解器”）中的浆液的溶液部分最好保持负硫酸根离子浓度（即过量的Ca.sup.+2），并且第二个容器（“结晶器”）中的溶液最好保持正硫酸根离子浓度，最好在降低压力的情况下（例如提供蒸发冷却）。由于半水合硫酸钙晶体的较低粘度和/或有利的形状，主导尺寸和尺寸分布，因此可以获得更好的过滤速率。